Biohydrologic effects of eastern redcedar encroachment into grassland, Oklahoma, USA

Wine, Michael L.; Hendrickx, Jan M. H.

doi:10.2478/s11756-013-0252-9

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the case of the Australian experience with wildfire-affected eucalypts, Nolan et al (2014) found that leaves resprouted along the trunk and branches, resulting in lower hydraulic resistance and hence higher transpiration per unit leaf area by nearly a factor of two. Therefore, despite the widespread practice of taking vegetation index as an index of transpiration (Nagler et al 2005, Wine and Hendrickx 2013, Cadol and Wine 2017, this approach is a simplification in areas in which the vegetation index-transpiration relationship changes following wildfire.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In ecoregions across western USA streamflow increases during post-wildfire recovery

Wine

Cadol

Makhnin

2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Continued growth of the human population on Earth will increase pressure on already stressed terrestrial water resources required for drinking water, agriculture, and industry. This stress demands improved understanding of critical controls on water resource availability, particularly in water-limited regions. Mechanistic predictions of future water resource availability are needed because non-stationary conditions exist in the form of changing climatic conditions, land management paradigms, and ecological disturbance regimes. While historically ecological disturbances have been small and could be neglected relative to climatic effects, evidence is accumulating that ecological disturbances, particularly wildfire, can increase regional water availability. However, wildfire hydrologic impacts are typically estimated locally and at small spatial scales, via disparate measurement methods and analysis techniques, and outside the context of climate change projections. Consequently, the relative importance of climate change driven versus wildfire driven impacts on streamflow remains unknown across the western USA. Here we show that considering wildfire in modeling streamflow significantly improves model predictions. Mixed effects modeling attributed 2%−14% of long-term annual streamflow to wildfire effects. The importance of this wildfire-linked streamflow relative to predicted climate change-induced streamflow reductions ranged from 20%−370% of the streamflow decrease predicted to occur by 2050. The rate of post-wildfire vegetation recovery and the proportion of watershed area burned controlled the wildfire effect. Our results demonstrate that in large areas of the western USA affected by wildfire, regional predictions of future water availability are subject to greater structural uncertainty than previously thought. These results suggest that future streamflows may be underestimated in areas affected by increased prevalence of hydrologically relevant ecological disturbances such as wildfire.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In ecoregions across western USA streamflow increases during post-wildfire recovery

Wine

Cadol

Makhnin

2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…ET was observed to decrease by an average of 0.12 mm/day (~7% of daily ET) over three years following the removal of Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei) compared to plots without juniper removal in an experiment conducted in northeastern Texas, USA (Dugas, Hicks, & Wright, 1998). However, the magnitude of increased ET due to WPE has not been quantified at landscape scale (Archer, 2010;Wine & Hendrickx, 2013). These site-level studies found a consistent increase of ET after WPE resultant of deep-rooted woody species replacing shallow-rooted herbaceous vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These site-level studies found a consistent increase of ET after WPE resultant of deep-rooted woody species replacing shallow-rooted herbaceous vegetation. However, the magnitude of increased ET due to WPE has not been quantified at landscape scale (Archer, 2010;Wine & Hendrickx, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced gross primary production and evapotranspiration in juniper‐encroached grasslands

Wang

Xiao

Zhang

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

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Woody plant encroachment (WPE) into grasslands has been occurring globally and may be accelerated by climate change in the future. This land cover change is expected to alter the carbon and water cycles, but it remains uncertain how and to what extent the carbon and water cycles may change with WPE into grasslands under current climate. In this study, we examined the difference of vegetation indices (VIs), evapotranspiration (ET), gross primary production (GPP), and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) during 2000-2010 between grasslands and juniper-encroached grasslands. We also quantitatively assessed the changes of GPP and ET for grasslands with different proportions of juniper encroachment (JWPE). Our results suggested that JWPE increased the GPP, ET, greenness-related VIs, and SIF of grasslands. Mean annual GPP and ET were, respectively, ~55% and ~45% higher when grasslands were completely converted into juniper forests under contemporary climate during 2000-2010. The enhancement of annual GPP and ET for grasslands with JWPE varied over years ranging from about +20% GPP (~+30% for ET) in the wettest year (2007) to about twice as much GPP (~+55% for ET) in the severe drought year (2006) relative to grasslands without encroachment. Additionally, the differences in GPP and ET showed significant seasonal dynamics. During the peak growing season (May-August), GPP and ET for grasslands with JWPE were ~30% and ~40% higher on average. This analysis provided insights into how and to what degree carbon and water cycles were impacted by JWPE, which is vital to understanding how JWPE and ecological succession will affect the regional and global carbon and water budgets in the future.

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“…While global climate change is currently an important background condition of woody encroachment, some studies predict that more severe future climate‐change‐induced droughts will tend to minimize future woody encroachment (Lohmann et al ., ), whereas other studies suggest that increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, may afford C 3 trees and shrubs with a competitive advantage over C 4 grasses (Bond and Midgley, ). The effects of woody encroachment at a given location are highly dependent on soil properties, climate, soil compaction because of grazing, rooting depth, plant growing season, and plant–water stress response (Huxman et al ., ; Seyfried and Wilcox, ; Wine and Hendrickx, ). However, the relative sensitivity of deep drainage to these factors in a landscape undergoing woody encroachment is not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep drainage sensitivity to climate, edaphic factors, and woody encroachment, Oklahoma, USA

Wine

Hendrickx

Cadol

et al. 2015

Hydrological Processes

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Because groundwater is Earth's largest pool of freshwater, understanding the sensitivity of deep drainage to climate, soils, and land cover is critical in managing water resources. To better understand controls on this critical flux in the context of woody encroachment, we determined the sensitivity of deep drainage to climate, soil texture, soil compaction, rooting depth, growing season duration, and plant-water stress response using Hydrus-1D to simulate deep drainage. To evaluate the simulation results, we compared these results with ground measurements at two anchor sites. At both anchor sites, Hydrus-1D predictions of deep drainage matched measured values within the errors inherent in ground measurements. Sensitivity analysis suggested greatest sensitivity of deep drainage to climate (24 mm yr À1 ) and rooting depth (12 mm yr À1 ), moderate sensitivity to growing season duration (5 mm yr À1 ) and soil texture (4 mm yr À1 ), and lowest sensitivity to topsoil compaction and plant-water stress response (3 mm yr À1 ). The sensitivity analysis indicated the relative importance of the plant-related factors considered, which, in decreasing order, were rooting depth, growing season duration, and plant-water stress responsefactors that change concomitantly as a result of forestation or woody encroachment. Further ground-truth measurements of woody encroachment effects on deep drainage are needed to confirm or refine the results of this simulation modelling study.

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Biohydrologic effects of eastern redcedar encroachment into grassland, Oklahoma, USA

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

In ecoregions across western USA streamflow increases during post-wildfire recovery

In ecoregions across western USA streamflow increases during post-wildfire recovery

Enhanced gross primary production and evapotranspiration in juniper‐encroached grasslands

Deep drainage sensitivity to climate, edaphic factors, and woody encroachment, Oklahoma, USA

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