2019
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201903280
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Bioinspired Electro‐Thermo‐Hygro Reversible Shape‐Changing Materials by 4D Printing

Abstract: Hygromorph composites are moisture-induced shape-changing materials that are increasingly studied to develop autonomously actuated deployable structures. The morphing mechanism is based on the high affinity for moisture and the hygroexpansive nature of at least one component, combined with a bilayer microstructure. Among available hygromorphs, those consisting of cellulosic or hydrogel material-based actuators trigger fast responses to moisture. Their stiffness however decreases significantly with the moisture… Show more

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Cited by 79 publications
(79 citation statements)
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“…As‐prepared products can change from their temporary structures to the initial configurations when exposed to a high temperature environment. Besides motivated by heat, in recent years, 4D printed structures driven by electricity, [ 22,23 ] magnetism, [ 24 26 ] pH, [ 27,28 ] solvent, [ 29 31 ] light, [ 32,33 ] and biological signals [ 34 ] have also appeared. Although tremendous efforts have been paid in this field, all above‐mentioned 4D printed matters can only show shape‐changing demonstrations, regardless of their changes in properties and the functionality.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As‐prepared products can change from their temporary structures to the initial configurations when exposed to a high temperature environment. Besides motivated by heat, in recent years, 4D printed structures driven by electricity, [ 22,23 ] magnetism, [ 24 26 ] pH, [ 27,28 ] solvent, [ 29 31 ] light, [ 32,33 ] and biological signals [ 34 ] have also appeared. Although tremendous efforts have been paid in this field, all above‐mentioned 4D printed matters can only show shape‐changing demonstrations, regardless of their changes in properties and the functionality.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on multi-material 3D printing, there have been various studies on multi-functional structures and sequentially deforming or actuating structures [15][16][17][18]. For example, Le Duigou et al fabricated a bio-inspired electro-thermo-hygro reversible shape-changing structure using a hygroscopic polyamide matrix and continuous carbon fibers [19]. Mao et al fabricated sequential selffolding structures using different shape-memory polymers (SMPs) [20].…”
Section: Printing Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…At the same time, when compared with other materials that respond to humidity with the same effect, the actuator speed is increased by 10 times. The schematic diagram of the change of the actuator under different relative humidity conditions at 23°C is shown in Figure 13 A ( Le Duigou et al., 2019 ). The researches highlight that these actuators have a wide range of applications in the field of soft robots.…”
Section: Bioinspired Applications From Gradient Organismsmentioning
confidence: 99%