BIOKINETICS AND DOSIMETRY OF INHALED Cm AEROSOLS IN BEAGLES: EFFECT OF AEROSOL CHEMICAL FORM

Abstract

A rapid, sensitive and highly selective technique using Delayed Neutron Activation Analysis (DNAA) has been used to determine U concentrations in human tissues. Two different sample preparation techniques were compared: one involves total matrix destruction to a dry ash while the other is a nondestructive preparation of the wet sample. The data obtained from the analyses of the same sample by DNAA of wet tissues, DNAA of ashed tissues and from radiochemical analyses using alpha spectroscopy (a standard method of U determination) were statistically equivalent on the basis of variance analysis at the p = 0.05 level.

In vitro dissolution of curium oxide using a phagolysosomal simulant solvent system.

“…This assumption inflates the calculated soluble fraction because some rephagocytosis may occur with the remaining viable cells. Therefore, we concluded that the apparent differences between the results ofthe previous in vivo study (12) and those of the present study were not as significant as they first seemed.…”

“…Figure 2 shows the results ofthis analysis along with the original dissolution curve. This analysis demonstrates that approximately 45 % dissolved in 7 days, a result that is not in close agreement with the in vivo data (12).…”

“…Dissolution for normalized cultures, defined as the soluble fraction divided by the average fraction ofcells surviving at midpoint between harvest times. assuming particle density of 8 g/cm3 as determined previously for Cm203 at the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (12). Spiking suspensions for the PSS solutions had particle concentrations of roughly 105 particles/mL, with an overall PSS solution concentration of 2 x 103 particles/mL.…”

ICRP Publication 141: Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 4

“…Most of the curium was absorbed rapidly. Analysis here of both the oxide and chloride data gave s r = 0.4 d −1 . (493) Guilmette and Kanapilly (1988) studied the tissue distribution of 244 Cm in dogs for 2 y after inhalation of 244 Cm 2 O 3 and 244 Cm(NO 3 ) 3 , and observed broadly similar kinetics. Analysis here of the oxide and nitrate data gave s r = 0.1 and 0.5 d −1 , respectively. (494) Seven studies were carried out in rats, involving inhalation of the citrate, nitrate, or oxide; estimated values of s r ranged from 0.15 to 10 d −1 . (495) The results of analyses here are summarised in Table 24.6; values of s r range from 0.1 to 10 d −1 with a median of 0.4 d −1 .…”

A consolidated environmental monitoring plan for Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland

“…Instrumental neutron activation analysis (NAA) involves excitation of U nuclei in a sample, then measuring the radiation emitted from the excited nuclei (Gladney ef a/ 1976(Gladney ef a/ , 1978(Gladney ef a/ , 1980Gonzales et a/, 1988). 238U and 235U produce radiation of characteristic energies that are proportional to the amount of each isotope in a sample.…”