Biologic and geologic characteristics of cold seeps in Monterey Bay, California

Barry, James; Greene, H. Gary; Orange, Daniel L.; Baxter, Charles; Robison, Bruce H.; Kochevar, Randy; Nybakken, James; R, Donald L.; McHugh, C. M.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0637(96)00075-1

Cited by 151 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…To collect pore waters for both sulfide and sulfate measurements, sediment samples were centrifuged (1380 g for 15 min) in cutoff, stoppered 10 ml syringes without a headspace (Barry et al, 1996). Pore fluid samples were transferred to gas-tight syringes via a needle through the side wall of the 10 ml syringe, minimizing exposure to oxygen, and preserved Archaeal diversity under a deep-sea whale-fall SK Goffredi et al immediately in either 0.5 M zinc acetate or 0.5 M barium chloride (1:1) for sulfide and sulfate, respectively.…”

Section: Sediment Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal evolution of methane cycling and phylogenetic diversity of archaea in sediments from a deep-sea whale-fall in Monterey Canyon, California

et al. 2008

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Whale-falls represent localized areas of extreme organic enrichment in an otherwise oligotrophic deep-sea environment. Anaerobic remineralization within these habitats is typically portrayed as sulfidogenic; however, we demonstrate that these systems are also favorable for diverse methaneproducing archaeal assemblages, representing up to 40% of total cell counts. Chemical analyses revealed elevated methane and depleted sulfate concentrations in sediments under the whale-fall, as compared to surrounding sediments. Carbon was enriched (up to 3.5%) in whale-fall sediments, as well as the surrounding sea floor to at least 10 m, forming a 'bulls eye' of elevated carbon. The diversity of sedimentary archaea associated with the 2893 m whale-fall in Monterey Canyon (California) varied both spatially and temporally. 16S rRNA diversity, determined by both sequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, as well as quantitative PCR of the methyl-coenzyme M reductase gene, revealed that methanogens, including members of the Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales, were the dominant archaea (up to 98%) in sediments immediately beneath the whale-fall. Temporal changes in this archaeal community included the early establishment of methylotrophic methanogens followed by development of methanogens thought to be hydrogenotrophic, as well as members related to the newly described methanotrophic lineage, ANME-3. In comparison, archaeal assemblages in 'reference' sediments collected 10 m from the whale-fall primarily consisted of Crenarchaeota affiliated with marine group I and marine benthic group B. Overall, these results indicate that whale-falls can favor the establishment of metabolically and phylogenetically diverse methanogen assemblages, resulting in an active near-seafloor methane cycle in the deep sea.

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Section: Sediment Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal evolution of methane cycling and phylogenetic diversity of archaea in sediments from a deep-sea whale-fall in Monterey Canyon, California

et al. 2008

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“…Both ANME-1 and ANME-2 occur in consortia with relatives of a SRB cluster (Seep-SRB1) within the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus branch . Although the geology and biology of a variety of shallow water cold seeps have been well investigated, there is still very little known on the biogeochemistry and relevance of microbial methane consumption (Barry et al, 1996(Barry et al, , 1997Bian et al, 2001;Bussmann et al, 1999;Dando and Hovland, 1992;Garcia-Garcia et al, 2003;Thomsen et al, 2001). The aim of this investigation was to study microbial processes related to methane seepage in shelf sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane emission and consumption at a North Sea gas seep (Tommeliten area)

et al. 2005

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Abstract. The Tommeliten seepage area is part of the Greater Ekofisk area, which is situated above the Tommeliten Delta salt diapir in the central North Sea (56 • 29.90 N, 2 • 59.80 E, Norwegian Block 1/9, 75 m water depth). Here, cracks in a buried marl horizon allow methane to migrate into overlying clay-silt and sandy sediments. Hydroacoustic sediment echosounding showed several venting spots coinciding with the apex of marl domes where methane is released into the water column and potentially to the atmosphere. In the vicinity of the gas seeps, sea floor observations showed small mats of giant sulphide-oxidizing bacteria above patches of black sediments as well as carbonate crusts, which are exposed 10 to 50 cm above seafloor forming small reefs. These Methane-Derived Authigenic Carbonates (MDACs) contain 13 C-depleted, archaeal lipids indicating previous gas seepage and AOM activity. High amounts of sn2-hydroxyarchaeol relative to archaeol and low abundances of biphytanes in the crusts give evidence that ANaerobic MEthane-oxidising archaea (ANME) of the phylogenetic cluster ANME-2 were the potential mediators of Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane (AOM) at the time of carbonate formation. Small pieces of MDACs were also found subsurface at about 1.7 m sediment depth, associated with the AOM zone. This zone is characterized by elevated AOM and Sulphate Reduction (SR) rates, increased concentrations of 13 C-depleted tetraether derived biphytanes, and specific bacterial Fatty Acids (FA). Further biomarker and 16S rDNA based analyses of this horizon give evidence that AOM is mediated by archaea belongCorrespondence to: H. Niemann (hniemann@mpi-bremen.de) ing to the ANME-1b group and Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) most likely belonging to the Seep-SRB1 cluster. The zone of active methane consumption was restricted to a distinct horizon of about 20 cm. Concentrations of 13 Cdepleted lipid biomarkers (e.g. 500 ng g-dw −1 biphythanes, 140 ng g-dw −1 fatty acid ai-C 15:0 ), cell numbers (1.5×10 8 cells cm −3 ), AOM and SR rates (3 nmol cm −3 d −1 ) in the Tommeliten AOM zone are 2-3 orders of magnitude lower compared to AOM zones of highly active deep water cold seeps such as Hydrate Ridge or the Gulf of Mexico.

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“…Examples of symbiotic relationships between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in deep sea oxygendepleted marine environments have been well documented for some groups, starting with the discovery of associations between metazoa and bacteria at hydrothermal vents (Cavanaugh et al, 1981), cold seeps (Barry et al, 1996) and the edges of silled basins (for example, Distel and Felbeck, 1988). Chemosynthetic autotrophy supports many of these associations and involves the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide or methane by endosymbiotic bacteria within the animal hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity of epibiotic bacteria on symbiontid euglenozoans in O2-depleted marine sediments: evidence for symbiont and host co-evolution

et al. 2010

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A distinct subgroup of euglenozoans, referred to as the 'Symbiontida,' has been described from oxygen-depleted and sulfidic marine environments. By definition, all members of this group carry epibionts that are intimately associated with underlying mitochondrion-derived organelles beneath the surface of the hosts. We have used molecular phylogenetic and ultrastructural evidence to identify the rod-shaped epibionts of the two members of this group, Calkinsia aureus and B.bacati, hand-picked from the sediments of two separate oxygen-depleted, sulfidic environments. We identify their epibionts as closely related sulfur or sulfide-oxidizing members of the epsilon proteobacteria. The epsilon proteobacteria generally have a significant role in deep-sea habitats as primary colonizers, primary producers and/or in symbiotic associations. The epibionts likely fulfill a role in detoxifying the immediate surrounding environment for these two different hosts. The nearly identical rod-shaped epibionts on these two symbiontid hosts provides evidence for a co-evolutionary history between these two sets of partners. This hypothesis is supported by congruent tree topologies inferred from 18S and 16S rDNA from the hosts and bacterial epibionts, respectively. The eukaryotic hosts likely serve as a motile substrate that delivers the epibionts to the ideal locations with respect to the oxic/anoxic interface, whereby their growth rates can be maximized, perhaps also allowing the host to cultivate a food source. Because symbiontid isolates and additional small subunit rDNA gene sequences from this clade have now been recovered from many locations worldwide, the Symbiontida are likely more widespread and diverse than presently known.

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Biologic and geologic characteristics of cold seeps in Monterey Bay, California

Cited by 151 publications

References 37 publications

Temporal evolution of methane cycling and phylogenetic diversity of archaea in sediments from a deep-sea whale-fall in Monterey Canyon, California

Temporal evolution of methane cycling and phylogenetic diversity of archaea in sediments from a deep-sea whale-fall in Monterey Canyon, California

Methane emission and consumption at a North Sea gas seep (Tommeliten area)

Identity of epibiotic bacteria on symbiontid euglenozoans in O2-depleted marine sediments: evidence for symbiont and host co-evolution

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