Biologic and Molecular Characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii Isolates From Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis), Canada Goose (Branta canadensis), Black-Winged Lory (Eos cyanogenia), and Cats (Felis catus)

Dubey, J. P.; Parnell, Pamela G.; Sreekumar, C.; Vianna, M.C.B.; Young, R. W. De; Dahl, E.; Lehmann, Tovi

doi:10.1645/ge-340r

Cited by 45 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Unfortunately, nothing is known of the T. gondii genotypes circulating in domestic cats in the USA. The only T. gondii isolates we are aware are those isolated from cats on pig farms in Illinois (Dubey et al, 1995; characterised in the present study), and two cats from Mississippi (Dubey et al, 2004b). Five of eight isolates from cats in Illinois were Type 12, as was one of the two isolates from cats in Mississippi.…”

Section: Domestic Cats From Rural Environmentmentioning

confidence: 57%

Genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife from North America revealed widespread and high prevalence of the fourth clonal type

Dubey

Velmurugan

Rajendran

et al. 2011

International Journal for Parasitology

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tLittle is known of the genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii circulating in wildlife. In the present study wild animals, from the USA were examined for T. gondii infection. Tissues of naturally exposed animals were bioassayed in mice for isolation of viable parasites. Viable T. gondii was isolated from 31 animals including, to our knowledge for the first time, from a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), five gray wolves (Canis lupus), a woodrat (Neotoma micropus), and five Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). Additionally, 66 T. gondii isolates obtained previously, but not genetically characterised, were revived in mice. Toxoplasma gondii DNA isolated from these 97 samples (31 + 66) was characterised using 11 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers (SAG1, 5 0 -and 3 0 -SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico). A total of 95 isolates were successfully genotyped. In addition to clonal Types II, and III, 12 different genotypes were found. These genotype data were combined with 74 T. gondii isolates previously characterised from wildlife from North America and a composite data set of 169 isolates comprised 22 genotypes, including clonal Types II, III and 20 atypical genotypes. Phylogenetic network analysis showed limited diversity with dominance of a recently designated fourth clonal type (Type 12) in North America, followed by the Type II and III lineages. These three major lineages together accounted for 85% of strains in North America. The Type 12 lineage includes previously identified Type A and X strains from sea otters. This study revealed that the Type 12 lineage accounts for 46.7% (79/169) of isolates and is dominant in wildlife of North America. No clonal Type I strain was identified among these wildlife isolates. These results suggest that T. gondii strains in wildlife from North America have limited diversity, with the occurrence of only a few major clonal types. Ó

show abstract

Section: Domestic Cats From Rural Environmentmentioning

confidence: 57%

Genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife from North America revealed widespread and high prevalence of the fourth clonal type

Dubey

Velmurugan

Rajendran

et al. 2011

International Journal for Parasitology

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The significance of T. gondii infection in geese is unknown. To our knowledge, there is only one report of clinical toxoplasmosis in captive magpie geese (Dubey et al., 2001), and viable T. gondii has been isolated from only two geese in United States (Dubey et al., 2004, 2007), and one of the geese had a MAT titre of 1 : 320.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in the Domestic Goose (Anser domestica) in Southern China

Yan

Chen

Zhang³

et al. 2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, the antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in 191 farm-bred and 83 house-bred geese (Anser domestica) were assessed for the prevalence of T. gondii infection in southern China with the modified agglutination test. Antibodies to T. gondii (MAT ≥ 1 : 5) were found in 27 (14.14%) of farm-bred geese and 14 (16.87%) of house-bred geese. Geese infected with T. gondii may be a source of T. gondii infection for humans and cats.

show abstract

“…T. gondii has been isolated previously from WTD in the USA (Lindsay et al, 1991, 1997; Dubey et al, 2004b, 2008b, 2013b; Yu et al, 2013), and some of these isolates have been genotyped using the 11 markers used in the present study (Dubey et al, 2011; Yu et al, 2013). Of the 44 T. gondii isolates (6 from Iowa, 9 from Minnesota, 19 from Mississippi, 9 from New Jersey, 1 Alabama), four were ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #1 (Type II clonal), five were #2 (Type III), one was #3 (Type II variant), nine were #4 (Type 12), 18 were #5 (Type 12), one was #54, and one was #74, one was #216, one was #220, and three were #221.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping Toxoplasma gondii from wildlife in Pennsylvania and identification of natural recombinants virulent to mice

Dubey

Why

Verma

et al. 2014

Veterinary Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies indicated the predominance of Toxoplasma gondii haplogroup 12 in wildlife in USA. But still little is known of the genetic diversity of this parasite circulating in wildlife. In the present study, we tested coyotes (Canis latrans), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and geese (Branta canadensis) from the state of Pennsylvania for T. gondii infection. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 160 of 367 animals, including 92 (34.5%) of 266 coyotes, 49 (62.0%) of 79 white-tailed deer, 17 (85.0%) of 20 red fox, and two of two Canada geese tested by the modified agglutination test (cut off titer 1:25). Tissues from 105 seropositive animals were bioassayed in mice, and viable T. gondii was isolated from 29 animals, including 10 of 53 coyotes, 11 of 16 foxes, 7 of 49 deer, and one of one goose. DNA isolated from culture-derived tachyzoites of these isolates was characterized initially using multilocus PCR-RFLP markers. Nine genotypes were revealed, including ToxoDB PCR-RFLP #1 (4 isolates), #2 (2 isolates), #3 (4 isolates), #4 (6 isolates), #5 (4 isolates), #54 (1 isolate), #141 (1 isolate), #143 (1 isolate), and #216 (6 isolates), indicating high genetic diversity of T. gondii in wildlife in Pennsylvania. Pathogenicity of six T. gondii isolates (5 of #216 and #141) was determined in outbred Swiss Webster mice. Three of #216 and the #141 isolates were acute virulent to mice, and the other 2 #216 isolates were intermediate virulent. To determine the extent of genetic variation of these as well as a few recently reported virulent isolates from wildlife in North America, intron sequences were generated. Analysis of intron sequences and PCR-RFLP genotyping results indicated that the #216 isolates are likely derived from recombination of the clonal type I and III lineages. To determine if T. gondii virulence can be predicted by typing, we genotyped a collection of strains using PCR-RFLP markers for polymorphic genes ROP5, ROP16, ROP18 and GRA15, which are known to interact with host immune response. The results showed that there is an association of genotypes of ROP5 and ROP18 with mouse-virulence, however, additional gene(s) may also contribute to virulence in distinct T. gondii genotypes.

show abstract

Biologic and Molecular Characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii Isolates From Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis), Canada Goose (Branta canadensis), Black-Winged Lory (Eos cyanogenia), and Cats (Felis catus)

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife from North America revealed widespread and high prevalence of the fourth clonal type

Genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife from North America revealed widespread and high prevalence of the fourth clonal type

Serological Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in the Domestic Goose (Anser domestica) in Southern China

Genotyping Toxoplasma gondii from wildlife in Pennsylvania and identification of natural recombinants virulent to mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About