Biological Activities of Aqueous Extracts from Carob Plant (Ceratonia siliqua L.) by Antioxidant, Analgesic and Proapoptotic Properties Evaluation

Ayache, Siwar Ben; Saafi, Emna Behija; Emhemmed, Fathi; Flamini, Guido; Achour, Lotfi; Muller, Christian D.

doi:10.3390/molecules25143120

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Pulp aqueous extract was most effective against leukemia, breast, and colon cancer cell lines [23]. Ethanolic leaves extract found more cytotoxic to PLHC-1 cells than aqueous extract [28].…”

Section: Anticancermentioning

confidence: 92%

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Carob Antioxidants in Human Health: From Traditional Uses to Modern Pharmacology

Azab¹

2022

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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Carob has been used by humans since antiquity. Its major use is food, but traditional medicines of many nations used it for treatments of various health disorders. The fruits (pods or kibbles) were the main source for nutrition and medicinal uses, but decoctions and extracts were prepared from other parts of the tree, especially leaves. Modern science has analyzed most of the chemical compositions of the different parts, and among the phytochemicals that were found, antioxidants play very important roles in Carob nutritional and medicinal activities. So, in addition to having strong antioxidant activity and due to it, these natural products, their extracts, and foods that contain them, have anticancer, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antiaging, skin care, antidiabetic, and others. Phenolics and carbohydrates are the strongest antioxidants, but some volatile compounds have the same activity, to some extent. However, this review will present Carob antioxidants, their major nutritional and medicinal activities, and suggest future horizons for their use in human wellbeing.

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Section: Anticancermentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Experimental Procedure and Results, Reference Analgesic 50 mg/kg Body weight in rats. Seed aqueous extract was most effi cient [23].…”

Section: Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carob Antioxidants in Human Health: From Traditional Uses to Modern Pharmacology

Azab¹

2022

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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“…However, since antiquity, humans have used different parts of the Carob tree for many and interesting purposes [ 3 ]. Among these, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities are the most important [ 4 , 5 ]. Most of the traditional medicine uses have utilized different forms of fruits, including unripe pods, but these utilizations included extracts, decoctions and infusions of leaves and bark [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

D-Pinitol—Active Natural Product from Carob with Notable Insulin Regulation

Azab¹

2022

Nutrients

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Carob is one of the major food trees for peoples of the Mediterranean basin, but it has also been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Carob contains many nutrients and active natural products, and D-Pinitol is clearly one of the most important of these. D-Pinitol has been reported in dozens of scientific publications and its very diverse medicinal properties are still being studied. Presently, more than thirty medicinal activities of D-Pinitol have been reported. Among these, many publications have reported the strong activities of D-Pinitol as a natural antidiabetic and insulin regulator, but also as an active anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory, and is also immune- and hepato-protective. In this review, we will present a brief introduction of the nutritional and medicinal importance of Carob, both traditionally and as found by modern research. In the introduction, we will present Carob’s major active natural products. The structures of inositols will be presented with a brief literature summary of their medicinal activities, with special attention to those inositols in Carob, as well as D-Pinitol’s chemical structure and its medicinal and other properties. D-Pinitol antidiabetic and insulin regulation activities will be extensively presented, including its proposed mechanism of action. Finally, a discussion followed by the conclusions and future vision will summarize this article.

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“…Its pulp is used as a substitute for cocoa in the production of chocolate because it is less calorific and does not contain caffeine or theobromine (Craig and Nguyen, 1984). The pods have antioxidant, analgesic, antiparasitic and anti-diarrheal proprieties (Makris and Kefalas, 2004;Ben Ayache et al, 2020;Min and Hart, 2003;Serairi-Béji et al, 2000). In general, they are very beneficial for the treatment of gastro-intestinal disorders (Rtibi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Diversity Based on Morphometric Analysis and Identification of the Algerian Carob Tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Cultivars

et al. 2022

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Sixty-six carob accessions from 19 sites throughout Algeria were analysed by leaf, pod and seed characteristics to assess their genetic diversity and identify the first Algerian carob cultivars that could be used as germplasms for breeding programmes. We compared Algerian accessions with carobs from different Mediterranean countries, and our results showed a high level of morphological similarity between Algerian and Spanish carob pods. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences (p ˂ 0.001) between accessions for all the quantitative traits. Correlation analysis between variables indicated that seed yield could be improved by selecting light, thin and narrow carob pods. Multiple correspondence analysis explained a total variance of 30.22 % and illustrated three distinct leaf classes. Principal component analysis proposed two main groups of variables, one based on seed performance and the other targeting pod potential. Hierarchical classification with seven clusters revealed considerable genetic diversity among the Algerian carob accessions studied, and indicated that the type of bioclimate did not influence their distribution, suggesting that morphometric traits are probably controlled more by genes that by bioclimate. Linear discriminant analysis, clustering and heatmap plotting identified 11 potential cultivars, 10 female and one hermaphroditic.

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Biological Activities of Aqueous Extracts from Carob Plant (Ceratonia siliqua L.) by Antioxidant, Analgesic and Proapoptotic Properties Evaluation

Cited by 29 publications

References 44 publications

Carob Antioxidants in Human Health: From Traditional Uses to Modern Pharmacology

Carob Antioxidants in Human Health: From Traditional Uses to Modern Pharmacology

D-Pinitol—Active Natural Product from Carob with Notable Insulin Regulation

Functional Diversity Based on Morphometric Analysis and Identification of the Algerian Carob Tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Cultivars

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