Biological Activities of Iraqi Fig (Ficuscarica) CrudeEthanolic and Total Flavonoids Extracts

Abstract

The present study focuses on the biological strategy for treating cancer and parasitic infections, such as leishmaniasis antiparasitic activity, forthe crude alcoholic extract ofFicus leaves and their extracted total flavonoids with a comparison between their effects.The flavonoids were extracted from the leaves of the mature Ficuscaricausing the reflux extraction method. Total flavonoids were detected qualitatively by TLC techniquewhich demonstratedthat the plant was rich indifferent flavonoids, especially Rutin, Quercetin, Kaempferol, luteolin and others. Quantitatively, the plant total flavonoids content was 337.3 mg / 100 g fig leaves calculated as rutin.The biologicaleffects of the crude and purified total flavonoid on cell lines (L-20B and MCF7) and two parasites (Leishmaniatropica ,Leishmaniadonvani) were investigated. Maximum growthinhibition rates forthe total flavonoids onthe cell linesL20B andMCF7 reached 43 % at the concentration of 0.169 mg/ml and 28% at the concentration of 2.7 mg/ml, respectively, in comparison with the negative control. The ethanoliccrude extract had a low effect on L20-B cell line, while the inhibition rate forMCF-7 cell linereached 34% at a concentration of 0.084 mg/ml. For Leishmaniatropica,the total flavonoid and crude plant extractcaused maximum inhibition rates of 48% and 56%, respectively,at a concentration of 2.7 mg/ml for both. Cytotoxicity valueon Leshmaniadonovani was 20% for the crude extract at 1.35 mg/ml concentration, whereas it was11% for the total flavonoids at a concentration of 0.169 mg/ml. In conclusion, the differences in anticancer and anti-parasitic activitiesareattributed to differentcompounds present in each extract.

Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera Cultivated in Baghdad: Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential against Endodontic Pathogens

“…A few drops of 1% lead acetate were added to 1 mL of the extract in a glass tube leading to the appearance of white or gelatinous precipitate. This indicates the presence of tannins [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Physicochemistry, Nutritional, and Therapeutic Potential of Ficus carica – A Promising Nutraceutical

“…36 Figure 6 shows the sub-classes of flavonoids which have been found in F. carica, which are flavones, anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, isoflavones, and flavonols. [36][37][38][39][40][41] The phytochemical analysis of F. carica has led to the isolation of several classes of compounds and metabolites from various parts of the plant, and studied for their biological properties as listed in Table 1.…”

Online Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Selected Flavonoids in Wine Samples

“…In this particular study, a ZIC-HILIC column was utilized in the first dimension (1DLC), and a C18 reversed-phase column was used in the second dimension (2DLC) to achieve total separation of four flavonoid compounds, including two glycoside flavonoids (hesperidin and rutin) and two aglycone flavonoids (naringenin and apigenin), which have the following structures. Over the last 30 years, flavonoids have garnered significant attention and undergone thorough scientific investigations due to their natural biological properties, as well as their ability to scavenge free radicals and perform numerous bodily functions such as free radicals [9] and numerous bodily functions [10], including vasodilatory [11] anticarcinogenic [12], anti-inflammatory [13], antibacterial [14], innate immunity [15], antiallergic [16], antiviral [17], and hormone effects [18][19][20]. Wine, which is consumed globally, contains polyphenols such as phenolic acids, and their derivatives, and various flavonoids like flavones, flavanols, flavonols, and anthocyanins, making it an excellent subject for research [21,22].…”