Biological Alterations in Depression

Benton, Cristina S.; Wiltshire, Tim

doi:10.5772/27658

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 351 publications

(302 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The regulation of cortisol is an important physiological aspect on the way of achieving biological health, since cortisol is an integrative hormone with large potential of body modulation, particularly involved in the etiology of depression, engaging the immune, and monoaminergic systems ( 53 , 60 , 61 ). Moreover, optimal levels of cortisol are necessary to induce neurogenesis, possibly due to its modulatory properties over brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) ( 62 , 63 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol Modulation by Ayahuasca in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression and Healthy Controls

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Major depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder, affecting about 350 million people, and around 30% of the patients are resistant to currently available antidepressant medications. Recent evidence from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) supports the rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of ayahuasca on plasma cortisol and awakening salivary cortisol response, in the same group of treatment-resistant patients (MD) and in healthy volunteers (C). Subjects received a single dose of ayahuasca or placebo (dosing session), and both plasma and awakening salivary cortisol response were measured at baseline (before dosing session) and 48 h after the dosing session. Baseline assessment (D0) showed blunted awakening salivary cortisol response and hypocortisolemia in patients, with respect to healthy controls. Salivary cortisol was also measured during dosing session, and we observed higher increases for both C and MD that ingested ayahuasca than placebo. After 48 h from the dosing session with ayahuasca, patients' awakening salivary cortisol response is similar to the ones detected in controls. No significant changes in plasma cortisol levels were observed 48 h after the sessions. Therefore, these findings point to new evidence on the modulation of salivary cortisol levels as a result of an ayahuasca session, both in healthy and depressive volunteers. Considering that cortisol acts in regulation of distinct physiological pathways, emotional and cognitive processes, it is assumed to be critically involved to the etiology of depression and its regulation seems to be important for the treatment and remission of major depression, ayahuasca use as antidepressant should be further investigated. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of psychedelics in the treatment of human mental disorders.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol Modulation by Ayahuasca in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression and Healthy Controls

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is not a surprise that the majority of the available studies concerns the most prescribed AD in the world, Prozac, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987, whose active ingredient is FLX [ 66 ]. Moreover, the preferred study area for the transcriptional effect induced by ADs is the hippocampus, a region consistently implicated in major depression and AD action [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Studies of Antidepressant Action in Rodent Models of Depression: A First Meta-Analysis

Ibrahim

Gorgievski

Ortiz-Teba

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antidepressants (ADs) are, for now, the best everyday treatment we have for moderate to severe major depressive episodes (MDEs). ADs are among the most prescribed drugs in the Western Hemisphere; however, the trial-and-error prescription strategy and side-effects leave a lot to be desired. More than 60% of patients suffering from major depression fail to respond to the first AD they are prescribed. For those who respond, full response is only observed after several weeks of treatment. In addition, there are no biomarkers that could help with therapeutic decisions; meanwhile, this is already true in cancer and other fields of medicine. For years, many investigators have been working to decipher the underlying mechanisms of AD response. Here, we provide the first systematic review of animal models. We thoroughly searched all the studies involving rodents, profiling transcriptomic alterations consecutive to AD treatment in naïve animals or in animals subjected to stress-induced models of depression. We have been confronted by an important heterogeneity regarding the drugs and the experimental settings. Thus, we perform a meta-analysis of the AD signature of fluoxetine (FLX) in the hippocampus, the most studied target. Among genes and pathways consistently modulated across species, we identify both old players of AD action and novel transcriptional biomarker candidates that warrant further investigation. We discuss the most prominent transcripts (immediate early genes and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity pathways). We also stress the need for systematic studies of AD action in animal models that span across sex, peripheral and central tissues, and pharmacological classes.

show abstract

“…The regulation of cortisol is an important physiological aspect on the way of achieving biological health, since cortisol is an integrative hormone with large potential of body modulation, particularly involved in the etiology of depression, engaging immune and monoaminergic systems (60, 53). Moreover, optimal levels of cortisol are necessary to induce neurogenesis, possibly due to its modulatory properties over brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcription and binding to its receptor (61, 62, 63).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Dose Of Ayahuasca Modulates Salivary Cortisol In Treatment-Resistant Depression

Almeida

Silva

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Biological Alterations in Depression

Cited by 4 publications

References 351 publications

Cortisol Modulation by Ayahuasca in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression and Healthy Controls

Cortisol Modulation by Ayahuasca in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression and Healthy Controls

Transcriptomic Studies of Antidepressant Action in Rodent Models of Depression: A First Meta-Analysis

A Single Dose Of Ayahuasca Modulates Salivary Cortisol In Treatment-Resistant Depression

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About