Biological and Clinical Relevance of microRNAs in Mitochondrial Diseases/Dysfunctions

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction arises from an inadequate number of mitochondria, an inability to provide necessary substrates to mitochondria, or a dysfunction in their electron transport and a denosine triphosphate synthesis machinery. Occurrences of mitochondrial dysfunction are due to genetic or environmental changes in the mitochondria or in the nuclear DNA that codes mitochondrial components. Currently, drug options are available, yet no treatment exists in sight of this disease and needs a new insight into molecular and signaling pathways for this disease. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, and noncoding RNAs function as a master regulator of gene expression. The evolution of miRNAs in the past two decades emerged as a key regulator of gene expression that controls physiological pathological cellular differentiation processes, and metabolic homeostasis such as development and cancer. It has been known that miRNAs are a potential biomarker in both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. But, in the case of mitochondrial dysfunction in miRNAs, the number of studies and investigations are comparatively less than those on other diseases and dysfunctions. In this review, we have elaborated the roles of miRNAs in the mitochondrial diseases and dysfunctions.

Evaluation Of Commonly Treated Mandibular Teeth With Preventive Resin Restoration In Children With Permanent Dentition

“…Since Dental Caries is a Bilateral phenomenon it can occur in any surface of any tooth due to different etiological agents. In a study by Saravanan et al, it was seen that there was no significant association between the side of caries attack among males and females[25,36]. The most commonly treated teeth with PRR in the present study was Permanent Left Mandibular First Molar in 24.8% of the children followed by 23.7% in Permanent Right Mandibular First Molar.…”

“…The prepared surface is etched with 37% o-phosphoric acid for 15-20 seconds and the bonding agent is a applied and cured for 20 seconds, followed by restoring the cavity with filled resin and the adjacent unaffected pits and fissure is sealed using a Dental Pit & Fissure Sealant [14]. Our team has extensive knowledge and research experience that has translate into high quality publications [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Effects Of Dentifrices On Surface Properties Of Cad - Cam Manufactured Temporary Restorative Materials

“…A wide variety of pre-polymerised polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) blocks have been introduced on the market based on further studies related with nanoparticles and data was produced on surface roughness [11]. Our team has extensive knowledge and research experience that has translated into high quality publications [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Mitochondrial microRNAs: A Putative Role in Tissue Regeneration

“…Currently, different evidence shows that both nuclear-encoded miRNAs imported to mitochondria and mitochondrial genome-derived miRNA, both defined as mitomiRs, may influence mitochondrial dynamics, a fundamental process for tissue homeostasis (Table 1) [67,68]. In fact, regulation of how and how much energy cells require strongly impacts stem cells' fate, controlling the ability of stem cells to decide when to exit from their quiescent state.…”