Biological and Hybrid Biological/Chemical Strategies in Diversity Generation of Peptidic Macrocycles

Vitali, Francesca; Fasan, Rudi

doi:10.1002/9781119092599.ch7

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the well-established biological methods, such as split intein circular ligation of peptides and proteins system (SICLOPPS), phage display, and mRNA display (Siang Ong et al 2017;Liras and Mcclure 2019), cyclization of peptides can be achieved chemically via techniques such as head-to-side chain, side chain-to-side chain, head-to-tail and side chain-to-tail, which are determined by the functional groups (Fig. 1) (White and Yudin 2011;Vitali and Fasan 2017;Hayes et al 2021). Shaer et al (2020) Diagnosis of recurrent prostate carcinoma by PET Intravenous 2020 Bremelanotide Al Shaer et al (2020) Women hypoactive sexual desire disorder Subcutaneous 2019 Dalbavancin Zorzi et al (2017) Complicated skin and skin structure infections (CSSSIs)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review: The Antiviral Activity of Cyclic Peptides

Chia

Kumar

Maki

et al. 2022

Int J Pept Res Ther

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In the design and development of therapeutic agents, macromolecules with restricted structures have stronger competitive edges than linear biological entities since cyclization can overcome the limitations of linear structures. The common issues of linear peptides include susceptibility to degradation of the peptidase enzyme, off-target effects, and necessity of routine dosing, leading to instability and ineffectiveness. The unique conformational constraint of cyclic peptides provides a larger surface area to interact with the target at the same time, improving the membrane permeability and in vivo stability compared to their linear counterparts. Currently, cyclic peptides have been reported to possess various activities, such as antifungal, antiviral and antimicrobial activities. To date, there is emerging interest in cyclic peptide therapeutics, and increasing numbers of clinically approved cyclic peptide drugs are available on the market. In this review, the medical significance of cyclic peptides in the defence against viral infections will be highlighted. Except for chikungunya virus, which lacks specific antiviral treatment, all the viral diseases targeted in this review are those with effective treatments yet with certain limitations to date. Thus, strategies and approaches to optimise the antiviral effect of cyclic peptides will be discussed along with their respective outcomes. Apart from isolated naturally occurring cyclic peptides, chemically synthesized or modified cyclic peptides with antiviral activities targeting coronavirus, herpes simplex viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, Ebola virus, influenza virus, dengue virus, five main hepatitis viruses, termed as type A, B, C, D and E and chikungunya virus will be reviewed herein. Graphical Abstract

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