Biological and Mechanical Transmission Models of Dengue Fever

Abstract

Dengue fever disease is caused by the dengue virus and transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. There is no vaccine available to prevent transmission of the disease until recently which makes 30% of the worlds population is at risk of the disease. The Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are known as multiplebiters during their blood meal periods. There are two possible transmissions of the dengue virus from the mosquitoes to humans. First, infectious mosquitoes may transmit the virus through the bite to a susceptible human after the virus experiencing the extrinsic incubation period (EIP) in the body of the mosquitoes. Second, the transmission happens directly through the transfer of virus carried in the saliva of a mosquito to a susceptible human at the second bite without waiting for the EIP. The later is known as a mechanical transmission, which occurs when a susceptible mosquito bites an infectious human and almost at the same time it transmits the virus to a healthy human. Only a few literature consider this kind of dengue transmission. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for dengue transmission by modifying the standard dengue transmission model with the presence of mechanical transmission. We show that the spreading behavior of the disease can be described by the basic reproduction number (BRN), R0. The disease will die out if R0 < 1, and it remains endemic if R0 > 1. The analysis shows that the ratio of the BRN in the presence and absence of the mechanical transmission increases as the mechanical transmission rate increases. There is also a significant change in the outbreak intensity especially when the mechanical transmission rate is greater than the biological transmission rate.

Pemodelan Matematika dan Analisis Penyebaran Demam Berdarah

“…Demam berdarah merupakan kondisi yang disebarkan oleh vektor dan menjangkit manusia melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus [1]. Hal ini dianggap sebagai masalah serius dalam bidang kesehatan masyarakat di negara-negara tropis dan subtropis di berbagai belahan dunia.…”

Mathematical Modelling and Analysis of Dengue Transmission in Bangladesh with Saturated Incidence Rate and Constant Treatment Function

“…is the positively invariant region for the model (2). Our goal in this paper is to analyze the global dynamics of Model ( 2) and investigate the transmission of dengue in Bangladesh through the model.…”

“…It is noticeable that, during the month of July-October highest number of dengue infections are encountered in every year. The real data presented in Table 1 have been used to estimate the human infection rate and death rate of the model (2). The estimation process for determining the values of these two parameters are followed from [42].…”

“…Dengue is a vector borne disease that is transmitted to human through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito [1], [2]. It is considered as one of the major public health problems in tropical and subtropical countries around the world.…”

A Framework for Weather-Driven Dengue Virus Transmission Dynamics in Different Brazilian Regions

“…Existing DENV transmission models vary substantially [ 11 , 12 ], but many recognize that environmental fluctuations are key to understanding mosquito population dynamics. Temperature, for example, modulates oviposition, survival rates, biting rates and the extrinsic incubation period of DENV [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], whereas rainfall is an egg hatching trigger, as it provides oviposition breeding sites and the development of the mosquito’s aquatic stages [ 16 ].…”