Biological Characteristics of Subsilicone Oil Fluid and Differences With Other Ocular Humors

Abstract

Purpose: Subsilicone oil fluid (SOF) in eyes with silicone oil (SO) endotamponade possibly has a role in complications (e.g., vision loss); thus, we aimed to examine inflammatory cytokine and electrolyte levels and retinal glial cell viability in SOF. Methods:We measured major inflammatory cytokine levels and electrolytes in SOF and compared them with those in vitreous fluid (VF) and anterior chamber fluid (ACF). We analyzed the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and retinal thickness in SO-filled eyes. Further, we measured the MIO-M1 cell viability in medium with SOF and compared it with that containing VF.Results: We collected and examined 57 SOF, 22 ACF, and 21 VF samples from eyes with PVR, PDR, RD, and MH. Interleukin (IL)-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 levels in SOF were significantly higher than those in ACF. There was no significant difference for all cytokines between SOF and VF. Retinal thickness changes during SO endotamponade were not correlated with the presence of any inflammatory cytokines. Levels of ferrous iron, but not of potassium, showed a significant decrease in SOF compared with VF. The WST-1 assay showed that SOFadded medium induced higher MIO-M1 cell viability than VF-added medium. Conclusions:We found no significant correlation between the change in the retinal thickness and cytokine levels, but SOF contains higher concentrations of cytokines and lower concentrations of ferrous iron and can be biologically distinguished from ACF and VF.Translational Relevance: Novel knowledge of inflammatory cytokine levels and electrolytes in SOF provides better understanding of pathology of SO-filled eyes.

Status of corneal endothelial cells in the presence of silicone oil in the anterior chamber

“…Several reports said that SO in the anterior chamber or SO in contact with corneal endothelium had the adverse effect on the corneal endothelial cells [16][17][18] . It was also reported that the intraocular fluid from SO tamponade patients contained higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines when SO was present compared to after SO removal 23 . However, no correlation was observed between CEC loss and the existence of anterior chamber SO in our study.…”

Retinal ferroptosis as a critical mechanism for the induction of retinochoroiditis during ocular toxoplasmosis

“…To the best of our knowledge, only three published reports have assessed vitreous iron concentrations of the human eyes. These studies analyzed medical–legal autopsy samples [ 43 ] and examined the biochemical composition of living patients [ 44 , 45 ]. Compared with their respective average iron concentrations, OT samples in our study may have a lower iron concentration.…”