Biological Control of Cryphonectria parasitica in Romanian Protected Sweet Chestnut Forests

Chira, D.; Bolea, V.; Chira, F.; Mantale, C.; Tăut, Ioan; Șimonca, Vasile; Diamandis, S.

doi:10.15835/nbha45210895

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For the study of plant diseases, it is necessary to know the symptoms by which it manifests itself, the morphology and biology of the pathogen that causes it, the mutual relations between the host plant and the pathogen, as well as the influence exerted by environmental conditions (Chira, 2003, Pârvu, 2010. One of the main factors of the natural environment and at the same time its most dynamic component is the climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Phytosanitary Treatments in the Control of Oak Mildew, in the Current Climate Context

TĂUT,

MOLDOVAN,

ȘIMONCA

et al. 2023

BUASVMCN-HORT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the technical process of afforestation, most of the compositions require the act of founding the new forest artificially produced seedlings. In some situations, obtaining them is a difficult process due to the complex diseases and pests that can cause significant losses in nurseries. Climatic factors influencing the health of crops in nurseries are: air temperature, amount of precipitation, atmospheric humidity, potential evapotranspiration. The data were recorded with the help of the CEM DT 172 device, with the help of which data regarding temperature and humidity were recorded within the Beclean and Valea Iușului Nurseries. It was observed that the experiments related to the control of the pathogen Oidium alphitoides, using Proquinazid 200gr/l were placed in three cultures, one one-year-olds and two two-year-old, the amount of solution being the same in each variant, differing only the concentration and effectiveness was performed on four degrees of attack. The situation was positively reflected at the time of determining the effectiveness, when, except for the control variant, in all the treated variants most seedlings were weakly or moderately attacked.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Phytosanitary Treatments in the Control of Oak Mildew, in the Current Climate Context

TĂUT,

MOLDOVAN,

ȘIMONCA

et al. 2023

BUASVMCN-HORT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several major risks are threatening the forest ecosystems, of which climate change [1][2][3][4] and invasive biotic agents (pathogens, insects, etc.) [5][6][7][8][9][10] produce the most severe perturbation. For example, the bark beetle insect-wood pathogen relationship is involved in many vascular diseases which can create large outbreaks that are difficult to manage, especially if they are accompanied by climate extremes [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Elms Tolerant to Dutch Elm Disease in South-West Romania

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ophoiostoma novo- ulmi continues to be one of the most dangerous invasive fungi, destroying many autochthonous elm forests and cultures throughout the world. Searching for natural genotypes tolerant to Dutch Elm Disease (DED) is one of the main objectives of silviculturists all over the northern hemisphere in order to save the susceptible elms and to restore their ecosystem biodiversity. In this regard, the first trial was established between 1991 and 1994, in south-west Romania (Pădurea Verde, Timișoara), using three elm species (Ulmus minor, U. glabra, and U. laevis) with 38 provenances. A local strain of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi was used to artificially inoculate all elm variants and the DED evolution was observed. Furthermore, in 2018–2021 the trial was inventoried to understand the local genotype reaction to DED in the local environmental conditions after almost 30 years. The outcomes of the present study proved the continuous presence of the infections in the comparative culture and its proximity, but the identified pathogen had a new hybrid form (found for the first time in Romania) between O. novo-ulmi ssp. Americana x O. novo-ulmi ssp. novo-ulmi. Wych elm (U. glabra) was extremely sensitive to DED: only 12 trees (out of 69 found in 2018) survived in 2021, and only one tree could be selected according to the adopted health criteria (resistance and vigour). The field elm (U. minor) was sensitive to the pathogen, but there were still individuals that showed good health status and growth. In contrast, the European white elm (U. laevis) proved constant tolerance to DED: only 15% had been found dead or presented severe symptoms of dieback. Overall, the results of this study report the diverse reactions of the Romanian regional elm genotypes to DED over the last three decades, providing promising perspectives for improving the presence of elms in the forest ecosystems of the Carpathian basin.

show abstract

“…Field applications of hypovirulent strains are a necessary step therefore to studying their behavior under natural conditions in controlled field trials. Extended programs have been applied in many European countries, to study efficacy, survival, and the non-target effects of hypovirulent strains (Robin et al 2000;Milgroom and Cortesi 2004;Heiniger and Rigling 2009;Zamora et al 2014;Chira et al 2017;Krstin et al 2017;Diamandis 2018); new formulations and delivery methods have also been tested (Kunova et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short and long term efficacy and prevalence of Cryphonectria parasitica hypovirulent strains released as biocontrol agents of chestnut blight

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chestnut blight, Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr, was reported in Portugal in 1989. The disease rapidly spread within the chestnut region of the Trás-os-Montes (the Northeast of Portugal). Eradication and mechanical/burning exclusion failed to control the disease and natural hypovirulence is still absent or of very low incidence. The introduction of human-assisted therapeutic hypovirulence is therefore required to control the disease. We presente here the efficacy of field applications (short and long term) of a locally characterized hypovirulent strain (CHV1-RBB111), by the punch method in two chestnut orchards (Valpaços and Vinhais). The Valpaços disease incidence was 68% (65 out of 96 trees) and in Vinhais it was 46% (78 out of 169 trees). In both locations, diversity of vegetative incompatibility (vc type) was low and largely dominated (> 85%) by a single vc type (EU11). In Valpaços, all cankers of the orchard were treated (63 cankers) and in Vinhais 31 trees (cankers) were treated. One year after application, field efficacy was very high with 93.8% of healed cankers in Valpaços and 90.3% in Vinhais, these values increased to 100% and 93.5% (respectively) after four years. The persistence of the introduced CHV1-RBB 111 strain was high and present in almost all treated cankers and it was dominant both inwards and on the application site revealing an endophytic behavior. The non-C. parasitica microfungi were abundant with 14 different species. Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze was the most abundant in both orchards. Treatment with the introduced hypovirulent strain (CHV1-RBB111) was found to be effective in controlling chestnut blight with regeneration of cortical tissues and recovery of treated trees.

show abstract

Biological Control of Cryphonectria parasitica in Romanian Protected Sweet Chestnut Forests

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

The Effectiveness of Phytosanitary Treatments in the Control of Oak Mildew, in the Current Climate Context

The Effectiveness of Phytosanitary Treatments in the Control of Oak Mildew, in the Current Climate Context

Selection of Elms Tolerant to Dutch Elm Disease in South-West Romania

Short and long term efficacy and prevalence of Cryphonectria parasitica hypovirulent strains released as biocontrol agents of chestnut blight

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About