Biological Control of Damping Off and Root Rot of Wheat and Sugar Beet with Trichoderma harzianum

Abo-Elnaga, Heidi I.G.

doi:10.3923/ppj.2012.25.31

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In sugar beets, Fusarium can induce both root rot and seedling mortality. Fusarium camptocearas , F. lateritium , and F. xylarioides are the main causative agents of damping‐off (Abo‐Elnaga, 2012), while root rot is generally generated by F. equiseti , F. solani , and F. oxysporum (Cao et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing sugar beet root rot in Morocco

Farhaoui

Alami

Gachara

et al. 2023

Journal of Phytopathology

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The sugar beet crop ranks second globally among the plant species grown mainly for sugar production. In Morocco, the area under sugar beet farming occupies approximately 57,000 ha yielding more than 3 million tons of roots. However, sugar beet root‐tip rot (RTR) caused by Fusarium spp. dramatically reduces the anticipated yields, the purity of the resulting juice, and the sugar concentration. The current study aimed at identifying and characterizing the Fusarium species responsible for the root rot in sugar beet grown in the Khenifra‐Beni Mellal region of Morocco. In this survey, 69 isolates of Fusarium were sampled from sugar beet roots showing typical symptoms of root rot from 2019 to 2021. After screening based on the pathogenicity test, 28 isolates were selected and identified based on morphological features and sequence analyses of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and translation elongation factor 1 α 34 (TEF‐1 α). Fusarium oxysporum was the most frequently identified species, followed closely by F. solani, F. equiseti, F. nygmai, F. brachygibbosum, F. proliferatum, F. culmorum, and F. falciforme. Six weeks after inoculations under greenhouse conditions, the studied isolates caused internal vascular discoloration and tip rot of sugar beet roots, with disease incidences ranging from 37.5% to 100.0% and a disease index between 30.3% and 70.5%. Isolates belonging to F. solani were the most aggressive. Moreover, the majority of isolates significantly reduced plant growth. To our knowledge, this research article is the first report of Fusarium species inducing RTR in sugar beet in Morocco.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing sugar beet root rot in Morocco

Farhaoui

Alami

Gachara

et al. 2023

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Their rapid growth, the ability to parasitize other fungi, their high adaptability and competitiveness have rendered them worldwide importance as microorganisms in biological plant protection and biostimulant products [ 25 , 26 ]. They are widely used to control fungal diseases and promote plant growth in cereal crops such as wheat and barley [ 16 , 27 , 28 ]. Whether the use of biological fungicides and biostimulants poses a risk to cereal crops cannot yet be determined, since the routes of natural infection of T. afroharzianum in the field have not yet been adequately explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Trichoderma afroharzianum in Cereal Crops

Pfordt,

Gaumann,

von Tiedemann

2023

Pathogens

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Species of the genus Trichoderma occur ubiquitously in soils, on plant roots and in decaying plant residues. Due to its competitiveness and mycoparasitic potential against other microorganisms, particular strains of Trichoderma spp. are used in agriculture as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. However, Trichoderma afroharzianum has been recently reported as a pathogen causing ear rot disease on maize in Germany, France and Italy, leading to massive infections on maize cobs. This raised the question, whether and to what extent Trichoderma spp. can infect cereal crops other than maize and cause disease symptoms and yield losses. To address this question, two varieties of wheat, barley and sorghum were grown in the greenhouse and artificially inoculated with T. afroharzianum by both spray and point inoculation at the time of flowering. Disease severity was scored weekly, and thousand-kernel weight and colonization rate were determined after harvest. As early as 14 days after inoculation, the first visual symptoms appeared on wheat and barley as tan or brown discoloration of the base of a floret within the spikelets. After spray inoculation, clear discolorations of the entire ear were seen, while point inoculation only showed symptoms at the injection site and above. No visible symptoms were observed on sorghum millet. The colonization rate on wheat and barley grains was significantly increased compared to the control, while thousand-kernel weights (TKWs) were significantly reduced. No differences in colonization rate and TKW compared to the control were observed in sorghum. This is the first report of Trichoderma afroharzianum infecting wheat and barley, causing disease symptoms and significantly reducing thousand-kernel weights.

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“…Their rapid growth, the ability to parasitize other fungi, their high adaptability and competitiveness have rendered them worldwide importance as microorganisms in biological plant protection and bio stimulant products [25][26][27]. They are widely used to control fungal diseases and promote plant growth in cereal crops like wheat and barley [16,28,29]. Whether the use of biological fungicides and biostimulants poses a risk to cereal crops cannot yet be determined, since the routes of natural infection of Trichoderma in the field have not yet been adequately explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of <em>Trichoderma afroharzianum</em> in Cereal Crops

Pfordt,

Gaumann,

Von Tiedemann

2023

Preprint

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Trichoderma sp. is a fungus in the genus Trichoderma, ubiquitous in soils, on plant roots and in decaying plant residues. Due to its competitiveness and mycoparasitic potential against other microorganisms, particular strains of Trichoderma sp. are used in agriculture as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. However, Trichoderma afroharzianum. has been recently reported as a pathogen causing ear rot disease on maize in Germany, France and Italy leading to massive infections on maize cobs. This raised the question, whether and to what extend Trichoderma can infect other cereal crops than maize and cause disease symptoms and yield losses. To address this question, two varieties of wheat, barley and sorghum millet were grown in the greenhouse and artificially inoculated with T. afroharzianum by both spray and point inoculation at the time of flowering. Disease severity was scored weekly and thousand-kernel weight and colonization rate were determined after harvest. As early as 14 days after inoculation, the first visual symptoms appeared on wheat and barley as tan or brown discoloration of the base of a floret within the spikelets. After spray inoculation, clear discolorations of the entire ear were seen, while point inoculation only showed symptoms at the injection site and above. No visible symptoms were observed on sorghum millet. The colonization rate on wheat and barley grains was significantly increased compared to the control while thousand kernel weights (TKW) were significantly reduced. No differences in colonization rate and TKW compared to the control were observed in sorghum. This is the first report of Trichoderma afroharzianum infecting wheat and barley, causing diseases symptoms and significantly reducing thousand-kernel weights.

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Biological Control of Damping Off and Root Rot of Wheat and Sugar Beet with Trichoderma harzianum

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing sugar beet root rot in Morocco

Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing sugar beet root rot in Morocco

Pathogenicity of Trichoderma afroharzianum in Cereal Crops

Pathogenicity of <em>Trichoderma afroharzianum</em> in Cereal Crops

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