Biological control of<i>Rhamnus cathartica</i>: is it feasible? A review of work done in 2002–2012

Gaßmann, A.; Toševski, Ivo

doi:10.1111/jen.12104

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The perceived limit of buckthorn's range by the Canadian Shield could also be related to other factors such as the presence of herbivores, density of shade, or a lack of dispersal agents. For example, in Europe, buckthorn is associated with many more insect and fungal species than in North America (Gassmann and Tosevski, 2014). It would be useful to determine what factors limit the range of buckthorn in its native European habitat to discover whether the same factors will exist in North America.…”

Section: Research Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the spread of European buckthorn in the Region of Waterloo

2017

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European buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.) is a common invasive species in the Region of Waterloo. Management of buckthorn is expensive and time consuming and as a result it has continued to spread in the Region of Waterloo despite being on the Ontario noxious weed list.Control of buckthorn will require long term management to prevent reinvasion of managed areas.Therefore this project seeks to provide land managers with a model to predict the likely spread of buckthorn over time and space so that the cost of management can be predicted and different management strategies can be compared.A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to create a habitat suitability model and a spread model for the probability of buckthorn presence for cells in a grid. The habitat suitability model predicts the presence of buckthorn based on environmental characteristics while the spread model predicts the likelihood of buckthorn invasion based on the suitability of habitat and the presence of buckthorn in the surrounding area. The spread model indicates that the invasion of buckthorn is influenced by the suitability of habitat and the presence of buckthorn in neighbouring cells. The success of the spread model suggests that this approach can be used to create a spatiotemporally explicit model with limited sampling effort. To explore the utility of the spread model for conservation management purposes, a simulation model was created that is based on the spread model. Simulations were performed to test the spread of buckthorn in a sample forest patch and to test different management strategies. The simulations showed that buckthorn can be controlled within a patch with a limited amount of effort. ~ iv ~ Acknowledgements

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Section: Research Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the spread of European buckthorn in the Region of Waterloo

2017

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“…Buckthorn is also a host for multiple agricultural pests, increasing damage to and costs associated with agricultural production (Heimpel et al 2010). In general, buckthorn control is costly, with much time and effort spent every year to control and eradicate populations, but with limited success (Invasive Species Program 2012; Gassman and Tosevsky 2014).…”

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Invasive earthworms interact with abiotic conditions to influence the invasion of common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)

et al. 2014

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Common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L.) is one of the most abundant and ecologically harmful non-native plants in forests of the Upper Midwest United States. At the same time, European earthworms are invading previously glaciated areas in this region, with largely anecdotal evidence suggesting they compound the negative effects of buckthorn and influence the invasibility of these forests. Germination and seedling establishment are important control points for colonization by any species, and manipulation of the conditions influencing these life history stages may provide insight into why invasive species are successful in some environments and not others. Using a greenhouse microcosm experiment, we examined the effects of important biotic and abiotic factors on the germination and seedling establishment of common buckthorn. We manipulated light levels, leaf litter depth and earthworm presence to investigate the independent and interactive effects of these treatments on buckthorn establishment. We found that light and leaf litter depth were significant predictors of buckthorn germination but that the presence of earthworms was the most important factor; earthworms interacted with light and leaf litter to increase the number and biomass of buckthorn across all treatments. Path analysis suggested both direct and moisture-mediated indirect mechanisms controlled these processes. The results suggest that the action of earthworms may provide a pathway through which buckthorn invades forests of the Upper Midwest United States. Hence, researchers and managers should consider co-invasion of plants and earthworms when investigating invasibility and creating preemptive or post-invasion management plans.

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Biological control ofRhamnus cathartica: is it feasible? A review of work done in 2002–2012

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Modelling the spread of European buckthorn in the Region of Waterloo

Modelling the spread of European buckthorn in the Region of Waterloo

Invasive earthworms interact with abiotic conditions to influence the invasion of common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)

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