Biological control of poplar anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.

Abstract

Poplar anthracnose is one of the most serious diseases caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. Biocontrol is an efficient green way for the disease control, and numerous researches have focused on exploring the potential biocontrol bacteria strains against C. gloeosporioides. In this study, antifungal activities against C. gloeosporioides of 108 rhizosphere soil isolates from healthy polar plants were investigated in vitro by the dual culture assay. The results suggested that strain ZSH-1 showed the highest level of antifungal activity, as it inhibited C. gloeosporioides at a distance of 10.00 mm. Based on the morphological, physiological-biochemical characteristics, and phylogeny analysis, strain ZSH-1 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The sterile culture filtrate, crude protein, and crude lipopeptide extracts from the culture filtrate, and volatile compound(s) of ZSH-1 displayed a strong antagonism towards 7 fungal phytopathogens (C. gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria tenuissima, Cytospora chrysosperma, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Mucor sp., and Absidia sp.), with inhibition rates ranging from 44.0 to 89.1%, 26.7 to 85.4%, 11.6 to 89.7%, and 7.8 to 63.2%, respectively. Moreover, ZSH-1 exhibited cell wall-degrading traits by producing 3 lytic enzymes (cellulose, β-1,3-glucanase, and protease). Finally, the greenhouse studies also revealed that strain ZSH-1 had a 47.6% (12 days) efficacy in controlling poplar anthracnose when compared with the control. In concluding, obtained results demonstrate the potential biocontrol effect of B. subtilis ZSH-1, and it can be used as a promising biocontrol agent against poplar anthracnose and other fungal phytopathogens.

Chitosan Coatings with Essential Oils against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc. in Annona muricata L. Fruits

“…The causative agent of this disease is the fungus C. gloeosporioides and the inoculation can occur in seedlings and adult plants. It affects stems, branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits, causing low yields and deteriorating the quality of the final product [6]. In addition, soursop fruits have a short postharvest shelf life (2-7 days) due to their intense metabolic activity, high respiration rate, and ethylene production combined with their sensitivity to low temperatures [7].…”

Alternaria alternata as a Seed-Transmitted Pathogen of Sida hermaphrodita (Malvaceae) and Its Suppression by Aureobasidium pullulans

“…Biological protection of energy crops against pathogens is an important issue in the context of the European Green Deal [13], a strategy that was introduced to decrease pesticide use in agriculture. Biological protection of energy crops remains insufficiently investigated in the literature, and most studies focus on the protection of plants in early stages of development [14] or the selection of potential microbial isolates with antagonistic activity against plant pathogens [15,16]. For example, Trichoderma atroviride isolates improved the growth of Miscanthus × giganteus seedlings in a greenhouse and reduced the prevalence of infections caused by Rhizoctonia solani [Kandula et al 2020].…”

“…Yeasts selected by Remlain-Starosta et al [15] inhibited the in vitro development of S. sclerotiorum pathogens isolated from the stems of S. hermaphrodita plants. Selected Bacillus subtilis isolates from soil limited the development of the Colletotrichum gleosporioides pathogen and, according to Huang et al [16], these isolates are promising biocontrol agents against poplar anthracnose. Despite the increase in farmland area dedicated to energy crops, commercial biological preparations for protecting energy crops have not been introduced to date.…”