Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 1. Preliminary experiments with Verticillium biguttatum, a sclerotium-inhabiting fungus

Velvis, H.; Jager, G.

doi:10.1007/bf01976350

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The isolates varied widely in antagonistic activity. One isolate, M73, was outstanding; when it had been inoculated on germinating seed tubers it was found to be present on the surface of the sprouts up to the soil surface and gave protection to the sprouts against infection by R. solani from sclerotia on the seed tuber (Velvis and Jager, 1983) and from soilborne R. solani (Jager and Velvis, 1984). These properties would make V. biguttatum very suitable for biological control of R. solani in potato fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 4. Inoculation of seed tubers with Verticillium biguttatum and other antagonists in field experiments

Jager¹,

Velvis²

1985

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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Inoculation of seed potatoes with the mycoparasite Verticillium biguttatum, isolate M73 (combined with Gliocladium roseum in 1981, either alone or mixed with isolate M180 plus antibiotics-producing isolates of Azotobacter chroococcum in 1982) repeatedly proved successful in reducing Rhizoctonia solani on stolons and stems. In field experiments, this ultimately led to a reduced formation of sclerotia on new tubers, particularly in neutral sandy loam and clay loam soils. In 1981 inoculation with antagonists led, when compared with no inoculation, to average reductions of 22 and 42% for the harvest from clean, and 15 and 26% for the harvest from infected seed tubers grown on slightly acid sandy soils and on neutral loam soils, respectively. The harvest from clean, inoculated seed tubers had the lowest sclerotium index. In 1982 inoculation of seed tubers planted in slightly acid sandy soils gave reductions of the sclerotium index of up to 22%. In the neutral marine loam soils considerable reductions were often achieved, viz., in slightly infected loams 51-68% and in rather heavily infected ones 4-43%. Chemical disinfection of seed tubers proved effective only in loam soils that were slightly infested with R. solani. In both years inoculation of seed tubers with antagonists led to significantly lower sclerotium indices of the harvest (p = 0.1% in 1981; p = 50/0 in 1982).V. biguttatum was present more frequently and in greater densities on stems and stolons of plants from inoculated than from non-inoculated seed tubers. The latter were colonized by wild V. biguttatum strains from the soil, apparently less effective antagonists.Early in the season, the soil temperature was too low for growth of V. biguttatum. Nevertheless, inoculation of tubers that were planted early resulted in a considerable control of R. solani.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Velvis and Jager (1983) observed that certain isolates of E biguttatum could kill sclerotia within seven weeks under high relative humidity and at a temperature of 15 ~ or higher. The isolates varied widely in antagonistic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 4. Inoculation of seed tubers with Verticillium biguttatum and other antagonists in field experiments

Jager¹,

Velvis²

1985

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…omnivorum: soil plate method (SPM) (Arora and Dwivedi 1979;Dos Santos and Dhingra 1982;Henis et a1 . 1984;Makkonan and Pohjakallio 1960;Mueller et al 1985;Velvis and Jager 1983;Zazzerini and Tosi 1985), soil immersion method (SIM), and inert carrier method (ICM) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of assessment methods on selection of fungal antagonists of the sclerotium-forming fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum

Kenerley¹,

Stack²

1987

Can. J. Microbiol.

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C. M., and STACK, J. P. 1987. Influence of assessment methods on selection of fungal antagonists of the sclerotium-forming fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum. Can. J. Microbiol. 33: 632-635. Four attributes required by microorganisms for biocontrol of plant diseases caused by sclerotium-forming fungi, where the strategy is to reduce the number of sclerotia, are (1) an ability to adversely affect propagule germination and (or) viability, (2) growth potential through soil, (3) activity over a range of environmental conditions, and (4) survival and reproductive potential. Three methods of assessment (soil plate, SPM; soil immersion, SIM; inert carrier, ICM) were evaluated to assess biocontrol agents with regard to attributes 1 and 3. Based on the method of assessment, the fungal antagonists (Gliocladium roseum, G. catenulatum, Trichoderma harzianum, Tr. pseudokoningii, Aspergillus ustus, A. versic.olor, Penicillium crustosum, Fusarium solani, Chaetomium globosum, and Stilbum sp.) were grouped by their ability to colonize sclerotia of Phymatotrichum omnivorum in nonsterile soil. Group 1 strains colonized greater than 50% of the sclerotia with any method. Group 2 strains failed to colonize greater than 18% of the sclerotia with any method. Group 3 strains effectively colonized sclerotia when assessed by the SPM but not the ICM; opposite results were obtained with group 4. isolates. With the three methods of assessment, Gliocladium roseum (strain 1620) colonized sclerotia at 19, 23, 27, and 31°C. Colonization with the SPM or SIM was not temperature dependent, but colonization significantly decreased with increased temperature (27 and 3 1 "C) for the ICM. The method of assessment altered conclusions about the effectiveness of these potential biocontrol agents. KENERLEY, C. M., et STACK, J. P. 1987. Influence of assessment methods on selection of fungal antagonists of the sclerotium-forming fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum . Can. J . Microbiol . 33 : 632-635.Le contrBle biologique des maladies vigitales causies par des champignons producteurs de sclirotes, la oh la stratigie consiste a riduire le nombre de sclirotes, requiert quatre attributs de la part des organismes impliquis, savoir : ( I )

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“…solani was assessed according to a modification by Velvis [1977] of the method of Sneh and Henis [1972], by measuring the colony diameter after three days growth at 20 ~ on Whatman no. 1 filter paper on wet soil.…”

Section: Determination Of Rhizoctonia-inhibiting Factors Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics ofRhizoctonia solani (black scurf) in successive potato crops

Jager¹,

Velvis²

1995

Eur J Plant Pathol

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The position of plants with Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia (black scurf) on progeny tubers was mapped for an experimental field at Haren where potatoes were grown continuously and in rotation with other crops for five successive years, and for another field at Borgercompagnie with a 1:2 frequency of potatoes during three potato crops. Initially, the distribution of plants with black scuff on both fields was rather dense and homogeneous. In the following years the distribution became heterogeneous and patchy. The local decline of R. solani AG 3 (the common potato pathogen) in Haren was apparently caused by an unknown factor selectively suppressing R. solani AG 3, while simultaneously R. solani AG 5 increased in mass. This AG 5 type proved to be an inferior competitor of AG 3 on the potato plant in a laboratory experiment. The specific R. solani antagonist Verticillium biguttatum did not play a role. A similar factor could have reduced the formation of black scurf in the experimental field at Borgercompagnie, where V. biguttatum was also too infrequent to account for the decline. R. solani AG 5 was not present here and could not indicate the presence of a selective factor against AG 3.

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Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 1. Preliminary experiments with Verticillium biguttatum, a sclerotium-inhabiting fungus

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 4. Inoculation of seed tubers with Verticillium biguttatum and other antagonists in field experiments

Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 4. Inoculation of seed tubers with Verticillium biguttatum and other antagonists in field experiments

Influence of assessment methods on selection of fungal antagonists of the sclerotium-forming fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum

Dynamics ofRhizoctonia solani (black scurf) in successive potato crops

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