Biological denitrification of drinking water in a slow sand filter

Aslan, Şükrü; Cakici, Hatice

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.02.012

Cited by 112 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In recent years, a resurgence in SSF application has occurred particularly because of its efficiency in removing, besides bacteria and viruses, cysts of the protozoan Cryptosporidium which are pathogenic and usually quite persistent (Hijnen et al 2007). SSF has also been shown to be effective for the removal of nitrates in drinking water (Aslan and Cakici, 2007). High removal rates of antimicrobial contaminants have also been reported (Rooklidge et al 2005).…”

Section: *Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 98%

Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope

Joubert¹,

Pillay²

2008

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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Abbreviations: ESEM: environmental scanning electron microscopy SEM: scanning electron microscopy SSF: slow sand filtrationThe removal of contaminants in slow sand filters occurs mainly in the colmation layer or schmutzdecke -a biologically active layer consisting of algae, bacteria, diatoms and zooplankton. A ripening period of 6 -8 weeks is required for this layer to form, during which time filter performance is sub-optimal. In the current study, an environmental scanning electron microscope was used to visualise the ripening process of a pilot-scale slow sand filter over a period of eight weeks. To achieve this, sand particles were removed at weekly intervals and observed for biofilm development. Biological mechanisms of removal in slow sand filtration are not fully understood. A visualisation of the colonisation process would enhance the knowledge and understanding of these mechanisms. Colonisation of sand particles and increase in biomass was clearly seen during the ripening period. The mature, ripened filter exhibited a dense extracellular matrix consisting of a wide variety of microorganisms and their extracellular and breakdown products. This research demonstrated the successful use of an environmental scanning electron microscope to visualise the complex, heterogeneous nature of the schmutzdecke in a slow sand filter. Such knowledge could possibly lead to an increase in the application of slow sand filtration, especially for rural communities.

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Section: *Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 98%

Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope

Joubert¹,

Pillay²

2008

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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“…Groundwater is characterized by the absence of organic matter. Therefore, conventional heterotrophic denitrification has to be performed by adding an organic carbon source [8,9]. However, this generates an excess of sludge, and the dose of organic matter increases the treatment cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathode potential and anode electron donor evaluation for a suitable treatment of nitrate-contaminated groundwater in bioelectrochemical systems

Pous

Puig

Balaguer

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering Journal

124

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractSeveral regions around the world present high levels of nitrate in groundwater. Due to its toxicity, nitrate must be removed before the groundwater is used as drinking-water.This study assessed how a denitrifying bioelectrochemical system could be operated to treat nitrate-polluted groundwater. It evaluated the cathode potential (from +597 to -703 mV vs SHE) and the anode electron donor (acetate and water). Similar trends were found regardless of the anode electron donor. The nitrate removal rate increased from

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“…The slow sand filter was also tried in biological denitrification of drinking water (Aslan & Cakici, 2007). The physical, chemical and biological means of removing bacteria and suspended particles in raw water can be done using slow sand filter (Bauer et al, 2011;Ijadunola et al, 2011;Langenbach et al, 2009;Hipshear, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Slow Sand Filter in Purifying Well Water

Bagundol

Awa

Rosellynn

et al. 2013

JMDS

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Slow sand filter can be effective for water purification. The formation of "schmutzdecke" on the surface of the sand bed can vary the efficiency of slow sand filter. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of slow sand filter in purifying well water using Labo River sand as the filter medium. Bacteriological analysis and turbidity tests were done on water samples from deep and shallow well before and after filtration at 0.30 m, 0.60 m and 0.90 m filter depths and at 200 L/hr.m 2 , 300 L/hr.m 2 and 400 L/hr.m 2 flow-through rates. Percent removal of E. coli varied and efficiency was generally high at different depths and flowthrough rates. However, E. coli removal in different filter depths and flowthrough rates was not significant (p<0.05). Percent efficiency in reducing turbidity varied. Efficiency was increasing at increasing depths and flow-through rates. There was a significant difference on the efficiency to reduce turbidity among different sand filter depths (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference on the efficiency to reduce turbidity among the three flow-through rates. A significant interaction between filter depth and the flow-through rate in the removal of E. coli (p<0.05) was observed which means that increasing the depth of the sand filter while slowing the filtration rate improved efficiency in E. coli removal of the raw water. Most of the bacteria and particle removal is ascribed to schmutzdecke development. This study can help address the water problem particularly in local communities that depend greatly on well water for drinking.

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Biological denitrification of drinking water in a slow sand filter

Cited by 112 publications

References 17 publications

Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope

Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope

Cathode potential and anode electron donor evaluation for a suitable treatment of nitrate-contaminated groundwater in bioelectrochemical systems

Efficiency of Slow Sand Filter in Purifying Well Water

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