Biological Effectiveness of 237Np

Levdik, T.I.; Lemberg, V.K.; Buldakov, L.A.; Lyubchanskii, E.R.; Pesternikov, V.M.

doi:10.1097/00004032-197206000-00016

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The actinides are all radioactive, and most of their isotopes decay by alpha particle emission . The densely ionizing alpha particles emitted by actinides retained in bone and liver, and in the lungs if inhaled, damage and induce cancer in those tissues in a dose-dependent manner (Finkel 1953;Jolley et al 1955;Bensted et al 1965;Levdik and Lemberg 1972;Levdik et al 1972;ICRP 1980a;Leach et al 1973; Thompson 1989;Kreisheimer et al 2000;Koshurnikova et al 2000;NCRP 2001).…”

Section: The Actinides As Health Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Autoradiographs suggest nearly uniform deposition of Np(IV,V) on all bone surfaces immediately after intake (Nénot et al 1972;Taylor 1989). 237 Np is about as chemically toxic as U(VI), causing liver and kidney damage; it is about as radiologically toxic in the rat skeleton as 239 Pu(IV); its carcinogenicity in rat lungs is comparable to 241 Am or 239 Pu (Casey et al 1963;Mahlum and Clarke 1966;Levdik and Lemberg 1972;Buldakov 1974;Levdik et al 1972;Moskalev 1979;Thompson 1982;Taylor 1988 a Ligands (30 mol kg Ϫ1 ) were given to groups of five mice by ip injection or gastric intubation at 3 to 5 min after iv injection of 100 Bq of 237 NpO 2 Cl (ligand: Np molar ratio 22), kill at 24 h. Orally treated mice were fasted from 14 h before to 4 h after the 237 Np(IV,V) injection. Data of Durbin et al (1998b).…”

Section: Chelators For Neptunium(ivv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lauriston S. Taylor Lecture: The Quest for Therapeutic Actinide Chelators

Durbin¹

2008

Health Physics

106

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All of the actinides are radioactive. Taken into the body, they damage and induce cancer in bone and liver, and in the lungs if inhaled, and U(VI) is a chemical kidney poison. Containment of radionuclides is fundamental to radiation protection, but if it is breached accidentally or deliberately, decontamination of exposed persons is needed to reduce the consequences of radionuclide intake. The only known way to reduce the health risks of internally deposited actinides is to accelerate their excretion with chelating agents. Ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) were introduced in the 1950's. DTPA is now clinically accepted, but its oral activity is low, it must be injected as a Ca(II) or Zn(II) chelate to avoid toxicity, and it is structurally unsuitable for chelating U(VI) or Np(V). Actinide penetration into the mammalian iron transport and storage systems suggested that actinide ions would form stable complexes with the Fe(III)-binding units found in potent selective natural iron chelators (siderophores). Testing of that biomimetic approach began in the late 1970's with the design, production, and assessment for in vivo Pu(IV) chelation of synthetic multidentate ligands based on the backbone structures and Fe(III)-binding groups of siderophores. New efficacious actinide chelators have emerged from that program, in particular, octadentate 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) and tetradentate 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO) have potential for clinical acceptance. Both are much more effective than CaNa3-DTPA for decorporation of Pu(IV), Am(III), U(VI), and Np(IV,V), they are orally active, and toxicity is acceptably low at effective dosage.

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Section: The Actinides As Health Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chelators For Neptunium(ivv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lauriston S. Taylor Lecture: The Quest for Therapeutic Actinide Chelators

Durbin¹

2008

Health Physics

106

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“…Inversement, après injection intraveineuse, ce rapport est beaucoup plus important [47]. De même, il semblerait que des administrations de neptunium sous forme d'oxalate ou de citrate entraînent une accumulation importante du radionucléide dans le foie, alors que des administrations de nitrate de neptunium conduisent à des charges osseuses plus importantes [23,47].…”

Section: B) Organotropismeunclassified

“…Les principales lésions observées sont des ostéosarcomes, en raison du tropisme osseux de l'élément, ou des tumeurs pulmonaires lorsque l'administration est intratrachéale [23].…”

Section: B) Toxicité Radiologiqueunclassified

Le neptunium : pourquoi de nouvelles études ?

1994

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RÉSUMÉLes activités développées au sein de l'industrie nucléaire vont engendrer de nouvelles manipulations d'actinides (programme SPIN). Il importe, dans ce cadre, de définir pour chaque radionucléide utilisé un traitement en cas de contamination accidentelle. Le travail présenté ici fait le point des connaissances acquises dans le domaine des biocinétiques du neptunium, pour lequel aucun traitement efficace n'est aujourd'hui disponible. Des éléments de réflexion sont apportés, visant à développer les études réalisées jusqu'à présent, en leur imposant une approche expérimentale à un niveau subcellulaire et moléculaire. ABSTRACTThe development of new techniques in nuclear industry will involve increasing actinide manipulations. As a consequence, it is necessary to define a specific treatment in case of internal contamination. A review has been carried out of 50 references relating to the biological behaviour of neptunium and the decorporation efficiency of usual treatments. As a conclusion, there is no efficient therapeutics to remove neptunium after internal incorporation. New studies should now be developed, with particular attention focused on the behaviour of neptunium at the subcellular and molecular levels.

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“…003% at 33 days of age. 37 Although these uptakes are low in most normal situations, they cannot automatically be dismissed in all environmental situations. Romney ct al, 3 0 for example, report data on the plutonium content of the lung, CI tract and bone of kangaroo rats and jackrabbits at the Nevada Test Site where they had been living in areas contaminated with plutonium.…”

Section: B Absorption From Gi Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposed interim standard for plutonium in soils

Healy¹

1974

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This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. Neither the United States nor the United States Atomic Energy Commission, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any lagal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. In the interest of prompt distribution, this LAMS report was not edited by the Teehnteef Information staff.

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Biological Effectiveness of 237Np

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Lauriston S. Taylor Lecture: The Quest for Therapeutic Actinide Chelators

Lauriston S. Taylor Lecture: The Quest for Therapeutic Actinide Chelators

Le neptunium : pourquoi de nouvelles études ?

Proposed interim standard for plutonium in soils

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