Biological effects of active fraction isolated fromHydnocarpus pentandra(Bunch. –Ham.) Oken seeds againstHelicoverpa armigera(Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Sivaraman, Govindan; Paulraj, Michael Gabriel; Balakrishna, K.; Irudayaraj, Santiagu Stephen; Ignacimuthu, S.; Al-Dhabi, Naïf Abdullah

doi:10.1080/03235408.2017.1299416

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Compound (OS2): The spectroscopic analysis results of 1 H and 13 C NMR assignments were in correct agreement with that reported in literature [25,26,27] (Table 3). The complete assignment of protons was achieved by the HSQC, HMBC COSY and NOESY spectroscopic data.…”

Section: Fig 2 Structures Of Isolated Compoundssupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicity of Crude Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Oncoba spinosa (Flacourtiaceae)

Philip

Cheplogoi

Elizabeth

et al. 2019

JAMPS

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Aims:The medicinal plant Oncoba spinosa is used by the local communities in Butebo County in Eastern Uganda for treatment of malaria and other diseases. In vitro antiplasmodial activities of the crude extracts and isolated compounds were screened against chloroquine sensitive 3D7 and resistant Dd2 strains. In vivo acute toxicity of the extracts and structure elucidation were also determined in the study. Experimental: Crude extracts of: n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol were prepared. Isolation and purification of these extracts were done using chromatographic techniques which consisted of column and thin layer chromatography. The structures were elucidated on the Philip et al.; JAMPS, 21(1): 1-14, 2019; Article no.JAMPS.44550 2 basis of spectroscopic evidence. In vitro antiplasmodial activity was performed on chloroquine sensitive 3D7 and resistant Dd2 strains of Plasmodium falciparum using SYBR Green 1 assay technique. Lorke's method of acute toxicity was used to determine the in vivo acute toxicity of the crude extracts in mice. Results: The root ethyl acetate crude extract had highest antiplasmodial activity of IC 50 :4.69 ± 0.01 µg/mL and 3.52 ± 0.02 µg/mL against 3D7 and Dd2 strains respectively while the remaining three were inactive against both strains of Plasmodium. Isolation resulted in the identification of three known compounds which included: β-sitosterol, benzoic acid and chaulmoogric acid. Among the tested compounds β-sitosterol showed the highest activity of IC 50 3D7: 5.51 µM. Dichloromethane and hexane extracts were non-toxic with LD 50 > 5000 mg/kg while the EtOAc and MeOH extracts were slightly toxic with LD 50 of 547.72 mg/kg. Statistically significance existed between the antiplasmodial activity of the crude extracts and compounds when compared with the controls at (p < 0.05). Extracts and compounds exerted a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in antiplasmodial activity compared to the positive controls. Conclusion: The findings confirm the ethnobotanical use of O. spinosa by the local communities in Butebo County for the treatment of malaria. The results also suggest that the crude extract of this plant is safe and possesses antimalarial activity which can be used as a basis for in vivo and clinical studies to be done. Therefore the plant can offer a potential drug lead for developing a safe, effective and affordable antimalarial. Original Research Article

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Section: Fig 2 Structures Of Isolated Compoundssupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicity of Crude Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Oncoba spinosa (Flacourtiaceae)

Philip

Cheplogoi

Elizabeth

et al. 2019

JAMPS

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“…The development of abnormal pupae and adultoids as a consequence of treatment of S. litura and P. ricini prepupae with seed and root extracts of W. somnifera have also been reported with other plant extracts/active bio ingredients (Cespedes, Salazar, Martinez, & Aranda, 2005;Colom, Neske, Popich, & Bardon, 2007;Martinez & Emden, 2001;Paulraj, Shanmugam, & Ignacimuthu, 2014;Sahayaraj & Sathyamoorthi, 2010;Schmutterer, Saxena, & Heyde, 1983;Sivaraman et al, 2017) or treatment with JHAs (pyriproxyfen, methoprene, fenoxycarb) (Alizadeh et al, 2012;El-Sheikh, Kamita, & Hammock, 2016;Ghasemi et al, 2010). There is an additional JH-sensitive period in the initial phase of pupal development for pupal versus adult determination (Nijhout, 1998) and if JH/JHA is present during this critical period, it disrupts the normal pupal development producing deformed adults or adultoids and interfering with adult eclosion (Alizadeh et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

A comparative bioefficacy of seed and root extracts of a medicinal plant, Withania somnifera when administered to prepupae of lepidopteran insects, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Pericallia ricini (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Gaur

Kumar

2019

JoBAZ

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Background: The lepidopterans, Spodoptera litura and Pericallia ricini, are polyphagous pests of agricultural importance. The unscrupulous and non-judicious use of chemical pesticides for controlling the insect pests has resulted into severe environmental hazards, threatening non-target organisms and human health. Results: Administration of seed and root extracts of a medicinal plant, Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) to prepupae of two economically important insect pests viz. S. litura and P. ricini resulted into disruption of molting and metamorphosis leading to a number of developmental aberrations such as prolongation of the life span of prepupae, postponement of pupal-adult ecdysis, ecdysial failure, reduced pupation and adult emergence, formation of larval-pupal and pupal-adult intermediates, abnormal pupae, and adultoids. Treatment with seed extracts of W. somnifera was more effective as it alone caused mortality in both the lepidopteran insects viz. S. litura and P. ricini, whereas no such effect was observed when treated with root extracts. P. ricini was more susceptible to W. somnifera as it resulted into formation of larval-pupal-adult chimeras in addition to effects described earlier, whereas this effect was not observed in the case of S. litura. Conclusion: These results are similar to these produced by the administration of JHAs and hence mimic their action by the way of interfering with the neuroendocrine system.

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“…Chloroform extract was found to exhibit marked larvicidal activity. In another study, a fraction consisting of hydnocarpic acid and chaulmoogric acid from hexane extract of H. pentandra seed was shown to exhibit antifeedant activity against Helicoverpa armigera [50]. [55].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial, insecticidal and antiradical activity of Hydnocarpus pentandra (Buch.-Ham.) Oken

Tr¹,

Kenie²,

Dm³

et al. 2017

ijpm

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Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial, insecticidal and radical scavenging activity of leaf extract of Hydnocarpus pentandra (Buch.-Ham.) Oken belonging to the family Achariaceae.Methods: Extraction process of shade dried and powdered leaf was carried out by maceration technique. Extract was screened for phytochemicals by standard tests. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of leaf extract was determined by Agar well diffusion and Poisoned food technique respectively. Antiradical activity of leaf extract was evaluated by two in vitro assays namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. Insecticidal activity of leaf extract was determined against II instar and IV instar larvae of Aedes aegypti.Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, triterpenes and steroids in the leaf extract. Leaf extract exhibited marked inhibitory activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared to Gram negative bacteria. Bacillus cereus (zone of inhibition 1.86±0.05cm) and Escherichia coli (zone of inhibition 1.06±0.05cm) were inhibited to highest and least extent respectively. Extract was effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of seed-borne fungi. Among fungi, the susceptibility to extract was in the order: Curvularia sp. (53.64% inhibition) > Fusarium sp. (45.81% inhibition) > Alternaria sp. (35.08% inhibition). The extract exhibited concentration dependent larvicidal activity with marked activity being observed against II instar larvae (LC50 value 0.79mg/ml) when compared to IV instar larvae (LC50 value 1.37mg/ml). Leaf extract scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals dose dependently with an IC50 value of 13.91µg/ml and 6.03µg/ml respectively.Conclusions: The plant is shown to be an important source of bioactive agents. The observed bioactivities could be attributed to the phytochemicals present in the leaf extract. Further studies on characterization and bioactivity determination of isolated components from leaf extract are to be carried out.

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Biological effects of active fraction isolated fromHydnocarpus pentandra(Bunch. –Ham.) Oken seeds againstHelicoverpa armigera(Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicity of Crude Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Oncoba spinosa (Flacourtiaceae)

Assessment of Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicity of Crude Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Oncoba spinosa (Flacourtiaceae)

A comparative bioefficacy of seed and root extracts of a medicinal plant, Withania somnifera when administered to prepupae of lepidopteran insects, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Pericallia ricini (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial, insecticidal and antiradical activity of <em>Hydnocarpus pentandra</em> (Buch.-Ham.) Oken

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