Biological Effects of I 131 Continuously Administered to Sheep

Review of Russian language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals: part 2. Transfer to milk

“…Howard et al (1993) reported an F m value of 2.9 Â 10 À1 d L À1 based on a controlled experiment with measured intakes of Chernobyl-contaminated herbage. Data from Bustad et al (1957) were used by Howard et al (1993) to derive an F m value of 3 Â 10 À1 d L À1 ; Howard et al (1993) also quote a value of 5.6 Â 10 À1 d L À1 derived from stable iodine measurements. Data not considered in TRS 364 include an F m value derived using a model based analysis of Chernobyl related field based measurements of 1.0 Â 10 À1 d L À1 (Monte, 1990) and an F m value of 7.0 Â 10 À2 d L À1 which we derived from field measurements by Hanušík et al (1997).…”

Comparative Early and Late Effects of Single and Prolonged Exposure to Radioiodine in Young and Adults of Various Animal Species—A Review

“…(5) Sheep fed 240 pc or 1.8 mc daily exhibited early mean concentration ratios of 2.4 and 2.2, as compared with 3-7 for animals fed 0.15 pc daily. The effective half-life of Il3I in the thyroids of sheep given 15 mc showed an abrupt transition from 6.5 days to 1.7 daydll) at 4-5 days after administration.…”

In the Shadow of the Mushroom Cloud: Nuclear Testing, Radioactive Fallout, and Damage to U.S. Agriculture, 1945 to 1970

“…The Public Health Service (PHS) and Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) at the time corroborated these findings but downplayed the risks (Flemming, 1959(Flemming, , 1960Wolff, 1957Wolff, , 1959. The scientific literature from the period also suggests that fallout exposure may adversely affect agricultural production (Bustad et al, 1957;Garner, 1963;Sparrow et al, 1971).…”

“…In comparison, the partial nuclear meltdown at Chernobyl released approximately 81 million Curies of radioactive material (LeBaron, 1998). The scientific and medical literature shows that fallout from these domestic tests harmed human and animal populations (Bustad et al, 1957;Garner, 1963;National Cancer Institute, 1997) and it is quite plausible that pollution created from nuclear testing had first order effects upon domestic agriculture.…”