Biological effects of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure on interventional cardiologists

Abstract

While cytogenetic results show higher chromosomal damage, some immune responses are stimulated or modulated immunologically in ICs.

The Great Unknown—A systematic literature review about risk associated with intraoperative imaging during orthopaedic surgeries

“…Studies demonstrate increased levels of chromosomal abnormalities in medical workers with low-level occupation radiation exposure below recommended limits [5,6]. At a small hospital in Italy where radiation protective measures were sporadic, orthopaedic surgeons had an increased cumulative cancer incidence, 29% *blinded manuscript versus 4% in unexposed workers [7].…”

Lightweight Bilayer Barium Sulfate–Bismuth Oxide Composite Thyroid Collars for Superior Radiation Protection in Fluoroscopy-guided Interventions: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Results from several studies indicate that long-term low doses of ionizing radiation can lead to significant somatic DNA damage in professionally exposed physicians (11)(12)(13)(14), and our data demonstrate that interventional radiologists are exposed to a substantial cumulative radiation dose (34.1 mSv outside the TCs [unprotected body area] and 8.7 mSv at a protected body area [underneath the TCs]). Radiation awareness and use of equipment-mounted shielding seemed to be effective during our study, as indicated by a radiation exposure below the detector threshold in approximately 50% of the cases in our study.…”

Assessment of selected B cells populations in the workers of X-ray departments

“…The decreased CD27+CD19+/CD19+ cell ratio, which suggests impaired development of Th2 and humoral memory connected with CD27+CD19+ lymphocytes, is particularly adverse. No significant differences found in B cells of the exposed to LLIR workers and the control group are associated with the diversity of these cells [5,8]. The observed decrease of CD5+CD19+ cells percentage as well as of CD27+CD19+/CD19+ and CD5+CD19+/ CD19+ cell ratios may result from the lower serum level of interleukin -4 (IL-4) and IL-10 and higher interleukin -2 (IL-2) because IL-4 and IL-10 are pivotal for Th2 immune response and function of B cells, whereas IL-2 prefers Th1 and inhibits Th2 immune response [5,18].…”

“…No significant differences found in B cells of the exposed to LLIR workers and the control group are associated with the diversity of these cells [5,8]. The observed decrease of CD5+CD19+ cells percentage as well as of CD27+CD19+/CD19+ and CD5+CD19+/ CD19+ cell ratios may result from the lower serum level of interleukin -4 (IL-4) and IL-10 and higher interleukin -2 (IL-2) because IL-4 and IL-10 are pivotal for Th2 immune response and function of B cells, whereas IL-2 prefers Th1 and inhibits Th2 immune response [5,18]. Tobacco smoking reduces the level of IgG in human serum, whereas proportion of B cells in the peripheral blood of smokers was similar to that in the non-smokers [19].…”

“…Of leukocytes, lymphocytes, especially lymphocytes B, showed the greatest sensitivity to ionizing radiation [1][2][3]. Exposure to LLIR is associated with various adverse effects such as: chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes, changes in the structure and function of their lysosomal membranes, T cell receptors (TCR) in T lymphocytes, immunoglobulin B cell receptor (BCR) as well as lower concentrations of immunoglobulin [4][5][6][7][8][9]. B cells (CD19+) are responsible for adaptive, humoral immune response and they are heterogeneous population.…”