Biological flora of Central Europe: Cyperus esculentus L.

Follak, Swen; Belz, Regina G.; Bohren, Christian; Castro, Olga De; Guacchio, Emanuele Del; Pascual-Seva, N.; Schwarz, Michael P.; Verloove, Filip; Essl, Franz

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2016.09.003

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Cyperus esculentus is generally difficult to control with herbicides in maize and other crops. Moreover, a range of herbicides give excellent weed control in maize reducing competition pressure from other weeds and consequently promoting C. esculentus (Follak et al ., ). Current introductions of C. esculentus in other parts of Austria were probably mediated by unintended transport of tubers by contaminated soil or plant material (Follak et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Major emerging alien plants in Austrian crop fields

et al. 2017

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Globalisation and increasing trade have led to the introduction of alien plants that are highly competitive and difficult to control in agriculture in central Europe. Our study set out to analyse the invasion process and agricultural impact of the six emerging alien plants Abutilon theophrasti, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Cyperus esculentus, Datura stramonium, Panicum schinzii and Sorghum halepense in Austria, based on a large distribution data set (694 occurrence records in crop fields). We found that all study species have increased in abundance and range, especially after the year 2000. The rate of spread was highest for A. artemisiifolia and lowest for C. esculentus. At present, records of the study species were largely associated with areas of high summer crop concentration in eastern, southern and north-western Austria. Based on the CORINE land-cover data set, we found that the agricultural area at risk of being invaded increased over time. At present, it ranges between 45 500 and 168 000 ha (approximately 2.4% and 8.7% of the total agricultural area) depending on the species. The invasion success of the study species is probably associated with frequent human-mediated dispersal, specific crop-dominated rotations and herbicide use. Our results suggest that the study species will successfully spread further. We conclude that these emerging alien species will cause substantial impacts on crops in Austria and probably in other countries of central Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Major emerging alien plants in Austrian crop fields

et al. 2017

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“…It is now listed as an invasive plant species in Europe with a high potential threat to the environment and biodiversity (EPPO list of invasive plant species) [1]. Yellow nutsedge has a C 4 photosynthetic pathway [2], it is an obligate outcrosser and polyploid, although the number of chromosomes has not yet been defined for European accessions [3]. It is a perennial geophyte that produces tubers, rhizomes and stolons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be dormant for several years and a single plant can produce thousands of tubers [6][7][8]. These underground organs can be affected by low temperatures and periods of frost, which reduce the number able to sprout in the following growing season [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yellow nutsedge can also produce a large number of seeds, but the fate of seedlings in cultivated areas varies depending on the conditions that influence their viability, germination and growth [3,9]. It is generally accepted that seeds are less important than tubers for the propagation of this species [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yellow nutsedge is distributed worldwide in areas with humid tropical to warm temperate climates. It is currently widespread in southern, western and parts of central Europe [3]. In Italy, it is present in several regions along the Po river, as well as in some central and southern areas [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Resistance to ALS Inhibitors in European Cyperus esculentus L.: Characterisation and Implications for Management

2020

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Yellow nutsedge (C. esculentus) is a perennial geophyte and invasive weed which is very difficult to control in rice and other irrigated row crops. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors are the most commonly used herbicides to control sedges in rice. Failure to control C. esculentus was recently reported in a rice field in north-western Italy. The resistance status of this C. esculentus population was determined through a whole-plant bioassay. The mechanism underlying the resistance was elucidated, and the available chemical and non-chemical control options were discussed. The population proved to be resistant to halosulfuron and azimsulfuron at the recommended field rate. The ALS trancripts amplified from resistant and susceptible plants revealed the presence of a Pro197-to-Arg amino acid substitution in resistant plants, indicating that the resistance mechanism is target-site mediated. This is the first confirmation of herbicide resistance in C. esculentus in Europe. Resistance management should be based on an integrated approach, through the combination of diversified cultural and agronomic practices that can limit its spread and propagation through tubers.

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Biomass partitioning reveals the adaptability of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) in an arid ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China

Tan,

Wu,

et al. 2024

Crop Science

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Tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus L.) have been widely cultivated as a bioenergy crop in northern China. The value of tubers is receiving special attention, but the lack of information on how organs of tiger nuts coordinate resources to adapt to arid environments has limited the potential tuber production and diverse use. To address this knowledge gap, we experimented in the Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia (106° 33′ 28″ E, 40° 27′ 32″ N). Three fertilizer treatments were applied: zero fertilizer (N:P = 0:0), traditional fertilizer (N:P = 15:15), and additional nitrogen fertilizer (N:P = 60:15). Investigations were conducted at seedling, rhizome production, tuber formation, and tuber maturation stages. The results showed that under zero fertilizer, tiger nuts allocated biomass predominantly to propagative organs, namely rhizomes and tubers. However, an increase in leaf area or root surface area would necessitate more investment in leaf or root dry mass, resulting in diminishing returns. For biomass allocation, tiger nut responded the same way to traditional fertilizer treatment and zero fertilizer treatment, but the tuber number and yield increase under traditional fertilizer application. Additional nitrogen fertilizer stimulated shoot production through accelerated rhizome production aided by leaf area increasing. Fertilizer application can significantly increase both the number of tiger nuts and tuber yield. Nitrogen addition positively influenced aboveground biomass and enhanced rhizome tillering. Strong adaptability of tiger nuts makes the plant a suitable pioneer crop for developing marginal lands. The robust aboveground growth after nitrogen application enhances suitability for pasture utilization.

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Biological flora of Central Europe: Cyperus esculentus L.

Cited by 35 publications

References 124 publications

Major emerging alien plants in Austrian crop fields

Major emerging alien plants in Austrian crop fields

Occurrence of Resistance to ALS Inhibitors in European Cyperus esculentus L.: Characterisation and Implications for Management

Biomass partitioning reveals the adaptability of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) in an arid ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China

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