Biological function of the Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases in plant

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important sensors of Ca2+ elevations in plant cells regulating the gene expression linked with various cellular processes like stress response, growth and development, metabolism, and cytoskeleton dynamics. Ginger is an extensively used spice due to its unique flavor and immense medicinal value. The two major threats that interfere with the large scale production of ginger are the salinity and drought stress. ZoCDPK1 (Zingiber officinale Calcium-dependent protein kinase 1) is a salinity and drought-inducible CDPK gene isolated from ginger and undergoes dynamic subcellular localization during stress conditions. ZoCDPK1, with signature features of a typical Ca2+ regulated kinase, also possesses a bipartite nuclear localization sequence (NLS) in its junction domain (JD). A striking feature in ZoCDPK1 is the rare occurrence of a coupling between the NLS in JD and consensus sequences in regulatory domain. Here, we further identified its nature of nuclear localization and its interaction partners. In the homology model generated for ZoCDPK1, the regulatory domain mimics the crystal structure of the regulatory domain in Arabidopsis CDPK1. Molecular docking simulation of importin (ZoIMPα), an important protein involved in nuclear translocation, into the NLS of ZoCDPK1 was well-visualized. Furthermore, the direct interaction of ZoCDPK1 and ZoIMPα proteins was studied by the yeast 2-hybrid (Y2H) system, which confirmed that junction domain (JD) is an important interaction module required for ZoCDPK1 and ZoIMPα binding. The probable interacting partners of ZoCDPK1 were also identified using Y2H experiment. Of the 10 different stress-related interacting partners identified for ZoCDPK1, NAC transcription factor (TF) needs special mention, especially in the context of ZoCDPK1 function. The interaction between ZoCDPK1 and NAC TF, in fact, corroborate with the results of gene expression and over-expression studies of ZoCDPK1. Hence ZoCDPK1 is operating through NAC TF mediated ABA-independent, cold non-responsive stress signaling pathway in ginger.

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“…They are also involved in plant development, somatic embryogenesis, sporogenesis, hormone response, and host defense response (Shi et al, 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase in Ginger Binds with Importin-α through Its Junction Domain for Nuclear Localization, and Further Interacts with NAC Transcription Factor

et al. 2017

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“…Studies have demonstrated that SERKs play multiple roles in growth, development, and apomixis in plants Shi et al, 2012). In our research, we discovered that MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 were highly expressed in the ovary of Pingyi Tiancha and the hybrid strain (33#), respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Albertini et al (2005) demonstrated that expression of PpSERK was different in apomictic and sexual genotypes in Poa pratensis1, and thus, PpSERK may be related to apomixis. In addition, Shi et al have shown that once SERK is activated by the nucellar cell near the megasporocyte of amixis, the migrule may induce signal conduction from nucellar cells to the embryo sac development, and the functional somatic embryo produced by meiosis of somatic cells in the ovary could lead to apomixis (Shi et al, 2012). Accordingly, we speculated that, in our study, MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 might be related to reproduction in Pingyi Tiancha and the hybrid strain (33#), whereas MhSERK1 might play a key role in apomixis in Pingyi Tiancha.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pingyiensis Jiang) and a tetraploid hybrid strain 33# have not been published. In addition, a previous report has also proven that SERK functions are highly conserved (Shi et al, 2012). Thus, SERKs should exist in triploid Pingyi Tiancha and the tetraploid hybrid strain 33#.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Several studies have shown that SERK is involved in apomixis (Shi et al, 2012). Albertini et al discovered that PpSERK acts as the switch that channels the development of the embryo sac, and it may also redirect signaling gene products to compartments other than their typical ones in nucellar cells of apomictic genotypes (Albertini et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning and characterization of the SERK1 gene in triploid Pingyi Tiancha [Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd. var. pingyiensis Jiang] and a tetraploid hybrid strain

et al. 2015

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Cloning and characterization of theABSTRACT. This study aims to explore the roles of somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (SERK) in Malus hupehensis (Pingyi Tiancha). The fulllength sequences of SERK1 in triploid Pingyi Tiancha (3n) and a tetraploid hybrid strain 33# (4n) were cloned, sequenced, and designated as MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1, respectively. Multiple alignments of amino acid sequences were conducted to identify similarity between MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 and SERK sequences in other species, and a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed to elucidate their phylogenetic relations. Expression levels of MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 in different tissues and developmental stages were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. The coding sequence lengths of MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 were 1899 bp (encoding 632 amino acids) and 1881 bp (encoding 626 amino acids), respectively. Sequence analysis demonstrated that MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 display high similarity to SERKs in other species, with a conserved intron/exon structure that is unique to members of the SERK 14577 Roles of SERK1 in Pingyi Tiancha and a hybrid strain ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 14576-14586 (2015) family. Additionally, the phylogenetic tree showed that MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 clustered with orange CitSERK (93%). Furthermore, MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 were mainly expressed in the reproductive organs, in particular the ovary. Their expression levels were highest in young flowers and they differed among different tissues and organs. Our results suggest that MhSERK1 and MhdSERK1 are related to plant reproduction, and that MhSERK1 is related to apomixis in triploid Pingyi Tiancha.

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Comparison of Composition and Anticaries Effect of Galla Chinensis Extracts with Different Isolation Methods

Huang¹,

Deng²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

TODENTJ

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Objectives: Galla chinensis water extract (GCE) has been demonstrated to inhibit dental caries by favorably shifting the demineralization/remineralization balance of enamel and inhibiting the biomass and acid formation of dental biofilm. The present study focused on the comparison of composition and anticaries effect of Galla chinensis extracts with different isolation methods, aiming to improve the efficacy of caries prevention.Methods:The composition of water extract (GCE), ethanol extract (eGCE) and commercial tannic acid was compared. High performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) analysis was used to analyze the main ingredients. In vitro pH-cycling regime and polymicrobial biofilms model were used to assess the ability of different Galla chinensis extracts to inhibit enamel demineralization, acid formation and biofilm formation.Results:All the GCE, eGCE and tannic acid contained a high level of total phenolics. HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis showed that the main ingredients of GCE were gallic acid (GA), while eGCE mainly contained 4-7 galloylglucopyranoses (GGs) and tannic acid mainly contained 5-10 GGs. Furthermore, eGCE and tannic acid showed a better effect on inhibiting enamel demineralization, acid formation and biofilm formation compared to GCE.Conclusions: Galla chinensis extracts with higher tannin content were suggested to have higher potential to prevent dental caries.

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Biological function of the Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases in plant

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase in Ginger Binds with Importin-α through Its Junction Domain for Nuclear Localization, and Further Interacts with NAC Transcription Factor

Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase in Ginger Binds with Importin-α through Its Junction Domain for Nuclear Localization, and Further Interacts with NAC Transcription Factor

Cloning and characterization of the SERK1 gene in triploid Pingyi Tiancha [Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd. var. pingyiensis Jiang] and a tetraploid hybrid strain

Comparison of Composition and Anticaries Effect of Galla Chinensis Extracts with Different Isolation Methods

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