Biological implications of empirical models of winter oxygen depletion

Meding, Marianne E.; Jackson, Leland J.

doi:10.1139/cjfas-58-9-1727

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…We have very rarely observed ice cover beyond a few weeks on Danish lakes, yet the Canadian prairie lakes typically have ice cover for 4-5 months. The long duration of ice cover has consequences for shallow Alberta lakes, as 17 of the 20 polymictic lakes go anoxic frequently or occasionally (Meding & Jackson, 2003) and similar ice cover and oxygen dynamics have been observed across a much larger geographical scale (Meding & Jackson, 2001) that includes the Canadian prairies and portions of the northern U.SA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Extended periods of ice cover have implications for the structure and function of shallow lakes. If, once shallow lakes freeze, the rate of O 2 depletion is sufficiently high (determined by biological, chemical and morphological lake characteristics - Meding & Jackson, 2003) or the lakes are frozen for a sufficiently long time (determined by winter temperatures and snow conditions - Meding & Jackson, 2001), processes that consume O 2 exceed processes that produce O 2 . The long-term consequence of net O 2 depletion is virtually complete anoxia in the water column.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of shallow Danish and Canadian lakes and implications of climate change

et al. 2007

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1. Winter temperatures differ markedly on the Canadian prairies compared with Denmark. Between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2002, average weekly and monthly temperatures did not drop below 0°C in the vicinity of Silkeborg, Denmark. Over this same time, weekly average temperatures near Calgary, Alberta, Canada, often dropped below )10°C for 3-5 weeks and the average monthly temperature was below 0°C for 2-4 months. Accordingly, winter ice conditions in shallow lakes in Canada and Denmark differed considerably. 2. To assess the implications of winter climate for lake biotic structure and function we compared a number of variables that describe the chemistry and biology of shallow Canadian and Danish lakes that had been chosen to have similar morphometries. 3. The Danish lakes had a fourfold higher ratio of chlorophyll-a: total phosphorus (TP). Zooplankton : phytoplankton carbon was related to TP and fish abundance in Danish lakes but not in Canadian lakes. There was no significant difference in the ratio log total zooplankton biomass : log TP and the Canadian lakes had a significantly higher proportion of cladocerans that were Daphnia. These differences correspond well with the fact that the Danish lakes have more abundant and diverse fish communities than the Canadian lakes. 4. Our results suggest that severe Canadian winters lead to anoxia under ice and more depauperate fish communities, and stronger zooplankton control on phytoplankton in shallow prairie lakes compared with shallow Danish lakes. If climate change leads to warmer winters and a shorter duration of ice cover, we predict that shallow Canadian prairie lakes will experience increased survivorship of planktivores and stronger control of zooplankton. This, in turn, might decrease zooplankton control on phytoplankton, leading to 'greener' lakes on the Canadian prairies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of shallow Danish and Canadian lakes and implications of climate change

et al. 2007

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“…However, residents may experience high mortality during severe winters when snow cover can lead to anoxia (Bradford 1983). Winterkills are common in ponds and lakes, but their frequency and severity can be difficult to predict and depends on the hydrological properties of the pond, the length of snow and ice cover, the amount of oxygen stored at freezing, and the rate of organic matter decomposition (Meding and Jackson 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history benefits of residency in a partially migrating pond‐breeding amphibian

Grayson

Bailey

Wilbur

2011

Ecology

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Species with partial migration, where a portion of a population migrates and the other remains residential, provide the opportunity to evaluate conditions for migration and test mechanisms influencing migratory decisions. We conducted a five-year study of two populations of red-spotted newts (Notophthalmus viridescens), composed of individuals that either remain as residents in the breeding pond over the winter or migrate to the terrestrial habitat. We used multistate mark-recapture methods to (1) test for differences in survival probability between migrants and residents, (2) determine if migrants breed every year or skip opportunities for reproduction, and (3) estimate the frequency of individuals switching migratory tactic. We used estimates of life history parameters from the natural populations in combination with previous experimental work to evaluate processes maintaining partial migration at the population level and to assess mechanisms influencing the decision to migrate. Based on capture-recapture information on over 3000 individuals, we found that newts can switch migratory tactics over their lifetime. We conclude that migrants and residents coexist through conditional asymmetries, with residents having higher fitness and inferior individuals adopting the migrant tactic. We found that newts are more likely to switch from residency to migrating than the reverse and males were more likely to remain as residents. Migration differences between the sexes are likely driven by reproduction benefits of residency for males and high energetic costs of breeding resulting in lower breeding frequencies for females. Environmental conditions also influence partial migration within a population; we found support for density-dependent processes in the pond strongly influencing the probability of migrating. Our work illustrates how migration can be influenced by a complex range of individual and environmental factors and enhances our understanding of the conditions necessary for the evolution and maintenance of partial migration within populations.

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“…Other factors, such macrophyte biomass, have been shown to contribute to anoxia (Meding & Jackson, 2001. Macrophyte biomass and related variables were absent from our dataset, so we cannot rule out their possible contributions to the observed patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Increased direct solar radiation slow the rate of freezing of lakes during the winter and increase the rate of thaw during spring, leading to shorter periods of ice cover (a variable linked to winter hypoxia; Meding & Jackson, 2001).…”

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watershed characteristics shape the landscape genetics of brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) in shallow prairie lakes

Kremer

Vamosi

Rogers

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Investigating the consequences of landscape features on population genetic patterns is increasingly important to elucidate the ecological factors governing connectivity between populations and predicting the evolutionary consequences of landscapes. Small prairie lakes in Alberta, Canada, and the brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) that inhabit them, provide a unique aquatic system whereby populations are highly isolated from one another. These heterogeneous and extreme environments are prone to winterkills, an event whereby most of the fish die and frequent bottlenecks occur. In this study, we characterized the genetic population structure of brook stickleback among several lakes, finding that the species is hierarchically influenced by within‐lake characteristics in small‐scale watersheds. Landscape genetic analyses of the role of spatial features found support for basin characteristics associated with genetic diversity and bottlenecks in 20% of the sampled lakes. These results suggest that brook stickleback population genetic patterns may be driven, at least in part, by ecological processes that accelerate genetic drift and landscape patterns associated with reduced dispersal. Collectively, these results reinforce the potential importance of connectivity in the maintenance of genetic diversity, especially in fragmented landscapes.

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Biological implications of empirical models of winter oxygen depletion

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A comparison of shallow Danish and Canadian lakes and implications of climate change

A comparison of shallow Danish and Canadian lakes and implications of climate change

Life history benefits of residency in a partially migrating pond‐breeding amphibian

Watershed characteristics shape the landscape genetics of brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) in shallow prairie lakes

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