Biological Invasions in Europe 50 Years after Elton: Time to Sound the ALARM

Pyšek, Petr; Hulme, Philip E.

doi:10.1002/9781444329988.ch7

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Invasive species often decrease biodiversity and alter ecosystem functions; thus, studying their effects on natural flora has long been a hot topic in ecology (Elton ; Weidenhamer & Callaway ; Pyšek & Hulme ; Hulme et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Invasive species often decrease biodiversity and alter ecosystem functions; thus, studying their effects on natural flora has long been a hot topic in ecology (Elton 1958;Weidenhamer & Callaway 2010;Py sek & Hulme 2011;Hulme et al 2014). The invasibility of ecosystems tends to increase with decreasing levels of abiotic stress and increasing levels of disturbance (Alpert et al 2000;Meiners et al 2002;Chakraborty & Li 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The invasion of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) in sandy old‐fields – is it a threat to the native flora?

Kelemen¹,

Valkó

Kröel‐Dulay

et al. 2016

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions Common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) is an invasive ‘super species’ that has invaded extensive areas in Europe, forming novel ecosystems. One study has reported neutral effects of common milkweed on the native flora of sand dune grasslands in Hungary after the removal of invasive pine plantation. However, the effects of common milkweed on native flora more generally are unknown. Focusing on the potential effect of milkweed, we tested the following hypotheses: (1) the cover of native grassland species decreases with increasing cover of common milkweed; and (2) native species with low specific leaf area (SLA), height, seed mass and clonal spreading ability (i.e. low competitive ability) are more likely suppressed by milkweed compared with natives with high competitive ability. Location Late successional sandy old‐fields invaded by milkweed in the Great Hungarian Plain (Kiskunság, central Hungary). Methods We recorded the cover of vascular plants in seven old‐fields; in each old‐field we sampled 12 plots including plots with different milkweed cover and control plots without milkweed. We used linear mixed effect models for exploring the effects of milkweed on the species richness and cover of native grassland species. To identify the common traits of the most affected native species, we used trait‐based analyses; we studied leaf–height–seed traits and clonal spreading ability. Results We detected no effect of common milkweed on total species richness, but it had a negative effect on the cover of grassland species. The negative effect of common milkweed was most pronounced on the cover of species with low SLA, low seed mass and low clonal spreading ability. Conclusions Our results suggest that native, late successional sandy grasslands invaded by common milkweed form undesirable novel ecosystems because of significant negative impacts on the cover of native grassland species, especially those species with low competitive ability. For these species, management of milkweed might be needed to ensure their persistence in sandy grasslands in this landscape.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The invasion of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) in sandy old‐fields – is it a threat to the native flora?

Kelemen¹,

Valkó

Kröel‐Dulay

et al. 2016

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…For instance, 10% of the now naturalized alien plant species in Europe have been first recorded only after 1989 (Pyšek and Hulme, 2011). As niche filling in the new ranges may take several decades to hundreds of years (Williamson et al, 2009) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2015.03.004 0367-2530/© 2015 Elsevier GmbH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All rights reserved. many of these species will probably continue to spread for a long time into the future (Pyšek and Hulme, 2011). The recent acceleration of biological invasions and the effects they cause is driven by the reinforcing effects of other features of global change, notably the increase in trade and transport (Essl et al, 2011), land use change (Chytrý et al, 2012), and climate change (Walther et al, 2009), which jointly amplify propagule pressure and invasibility of ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of weed floras in nurseries: Do polytunnels serve as ports of entry for alien plant species?

Bauer

Dullinger

Moser

et al. 2015

Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants

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“…dispersión, establecimiento) de las EI es una variable socioeconómica (e.g. Lin et al 2007;Pyšek & Hulme 2011;Simberloff et al 2009b). Estos dos bivalvos invasores, nunca hubiesen alcanzado su actual distribución sin asistencia directa del hombre.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Invasión de Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857)

Pereyra¹

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El mejillón dorado, Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) fue introducido en forma accidental en América del Sur, por el agua de lastre de buques transoceánicos, en los principios de la década del ´90. Se trata de una especie gonocórica, dulciacuícola, con fertilización externa, cuya larva veliger vive aproximadamente cuatro semanas en el plancton antes de fijarse a cualquier sustrato duro para convertirse en juvenil. La longevidad de esta especie es de aproximadamente tres años. Este bivalvo es considerado como una especie invasora en la cuenca del Plata. Posee características morfo-funcionales semejantes a las del mejillón cebra, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) en el Hemisferio Norte. Ambas especies, cada una en su área de distribución, impactan sobre el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas nativos y obstaculizan el funcionamiento de las plantas industriales que utilizan agua de río cruda en sus sistemas. En este trabajo de tesis se propone establecer las características poblacionales de L. fortunei en un ambiente humano invadido (Central Hidroeléctrica Yacyretá); evaluar distintos biocidas de origen orgánico para la prevención/control de L. fortunei; y estimar el impacto causado por esta especie sobre la fauna de bivalvos infaunales, en particular sobre Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774).

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Biological Invasions in Europe 50 Years after Elton: Time to Sound the ALARM

Cited by 7 publications

References 67 publications

The invasion of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) in sandy old‐fields – is it a threat to the native flora?

The invasion of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) in sandy old‐fields – is it a threat to the native flora?

An analysis of weed floras in nurseries: Do polytunnels serve as ports of entry for alien plant species?

Invasión de Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857)

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