Biological Markers of Human Exposure to Pesticides

Araoud, Manel

doi:10.5772/16924

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Thus, biomarkers are a practical approach to assess the risk related to the use of pesticides and protect human health ( Docea et al, 2017 ; Jacobsen-Pereira et al, 2018 ; Lozano-Paniagua et al, 2018 ; Barrón-Cuenca et al, 2019 ; Godoy et al, 2019 ). The development and validation of new and useful biomarkers to assess pesticide exposure are warranted to implement proper control measures ( Araoud, 2011 ; Lozano-Paniagua et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also of particular relevance to the environmental health research to investigate Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammatory genes since SNPs play a critical role in the assessment of the immune response to pesticide exposure, once they can protect or increase the effects of pesticides ( Araoud, 2011 ; Godoy et al, 2019 ; Teodoro et al, 2019 ). Individual susceptibility to develop polymorphisms can be evaluated by a wide range of genetic variations affecting critical genes involved in the metabolism process and DNA repair ( Tabrez et al, 2014 ; Teodoro et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-biomarker responses to pesticides in an agricultural population from Central Brazil

Ramos

Pedroso

Godoy

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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We evaluated farmworkers exposed to pesticides and individuals with no history of occupational exposure to pesticides. It was performed the comet assay to evaluate DNA damage. The immunophenotyping of TCD4 + lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood was performed by flow cytometry. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PON1, XRCC1, IL6, IL6R, TNF-α, and MIR137 genes were evaluated by real-time PCR. The exposed group was composed mostly by males (69.44%), with direct exposure to pesticides (56%) and with an average age range of 46 ± 13.89 years, being that 58.3% of farmworkers directly exposed to pesticides and reported the full use of personal protective equipment (PPE). DNA damage was greater in the exposed group (p < 0.05), reinforced by the use of PPE to denote a lower degree of DNA damage (p = 0.002). In this context, in the exposed group, we demonstrated that the use of PPE, age, gender and intoxication events were the variables that most contributed to increase DNA damage (p < 0.0001). Besides, the exposed group showed a significant increase in the subpopulations of T lymphocytes CD3 + CD4 + (p < 0.05) and CD3 + CD4 + CD25 + (p < 0.0001) and a significant decrease in CD3 + CD4 + CD25 - FOXP3 + (p < 0.05). SNPs in the TNF-α (rs361525) gene presented a difference in the genotype distribution between the groups (p = 0.002). The genotype distribution of TNF-α (rs361525) was also positively correlated with the DNA damage of the exposed group (r = 0.19; p = 0.01), demonstrating a higher risk of DNA damage in the farmworkers presenting the A mutated allele. Our findings demonstrate that pesticides can exert various deleterious effects on human health by damaging the DNA as well as by influencing the immune system in the case of both direct or indirect exposure and these issues are associated to age, gender, intoxication and the nonuse of PPE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-biomarker responses to pesticides in an agricultural population from Central Brazil

Ramos

Pedroso

Godoy

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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“…They can provide evidence of the route, pathway, and even the source of exposure; moreover, they can be useful for assessing the extent of exposure, its variations over time and among different populations. They can be represented by the direct measurement of the chemical of interest or its metabolites in the body fluids or can consist in an endogenous response reflecting the interaction of the compound with a subcellular target, such as the genesis of DNA or protein adducts detectable in the blood [13][14][15][16][17]. On the other hand, biomarkers of effect provide an assessment of toxicological effects in the organism, such as measurable biochemical, physiological, or behavioral alterations that can be directly related to the risk of adverse health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonic Anhydrase Sensitivity to Pesticides: Perspectives for Biomarker Development

Lionetto

Caricato

Giordano

2020

IJMS

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a widespread metalloenzyme playing a pivotal role in several physiological processes. Many studies have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of CA to the exposure to several classes of pesticides in both humans and wildlife. This review aims to analyze and to discuss the literature available in this field, providing a comprehensive view useful to foresee perspectives for the development of novel CA-based pesticide biomarkers. The analysis of the available data highlighted the ability of several pesticide molecules to interact directly with the enzyme in humans and wildlife and to inhibit CA activity in vitro and in vivo, with possible alterations of key physiological functions. The analysis disclosed key areas of further research and, at the same time, identified some perspectives for the development of novel CA-based sensitive biomarkers to pesticide exposure, suitable to be used in several fields from human biomonitoring in occupational and environmental medicine to environmental monitoring on non-target species.

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Polymorphisms of pesticide-metabolizing genes in children living in intensive farming communities

et al. 2015

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Biological Markers of Human Exposure to Pesticides

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Multi-biomarker responses to pesticides in an agricultural population from Central Brazil

Multi-biomarker responses to pesticides in an agricultural population from Central Brazil

Carbonic Anhydrase Sensitivity to Pesticides: Perspectives for Biomarker Development

Polymorphisms of pesticide-metabolizing genes in children living in intensive farming communities

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