Patty's Industrial Hygiene 2011
DOI: 10.1002/0471435139.hyg042.pub2
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Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Industrial Chemicals

Abstract: Human biological monitoring is becoming a powerful tool for scientists and policy makers to assess and manage the risk of exposure to chemicals both in the general population and at the workplace. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of chemicals constitute the fundamental bases to derive relevant biomarkers. This chapter will focus on the occupational environment keeping in mind that biological monitoring in humans is a very actual issue in public health politics, in environmental medicine and i… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Occupational exposure to toluene is regulated by government agencies worldwide, with occupational exposure limits as low as 20 ppm in some cases 1,4–7 . Biological monitoring is also recommended to assess total body burden linked to chemical exposure 8 . A recommended biomarker of toluene exposure is the metabolite o ‐cresol, quantified in urine after hydrolysis: biological exposure index (BEI) is 0.3 mg/g creatinine (0.3 μmol/mmol creatinine) 1…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Occupational exposure to toluene is regulated by government agencies worldwide, with occupational exposure limits as low as 20 ppm in some cases 1,4–7 . Biological monitoring is also recommended to assess total body burden linked to chemical exposure 8 . A recommended biomarker of toluene exposure is the metabolite o ‐cresol, quantified in urine after hydrolysis: biological exposure index (BEI) is 0.3 mg/g creatinine (0.3 μmol/mmol creatinine) 1…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1,[4][5][6][7] Biological monitoring is also recommended to assess total body burden linked to chemical exposure. 8 A recommended biomarker of toluene exposure is the metabolite o-cresol, quantified in urine after hydrolysis: biological exposure index (BEI) is 0.3 mg/g creatinine (0.3 μmol/mmol creatinine). 1 A variety of analytical techniques have been used over the years to quantify o-cresol in hydrolyzed human urine.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Evaluation of exposure is a crucial step for risk assessment; among the different techniques, biological monitoring plays a relevant role, as it is able to take into account all the possible routes of exposure, all sources, and the individual behavior [ 15 , 16 ]. However, biomonitoring may provide unrealistic data when based on pesticide metabolites in spot urine samples, which account only for short-term exposure, disregarding cumulative and aggregate exposures.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Exposure can be performed using biomonitoring, that is the measurement of a chemical or its metabolite(s) in easy accessible specimens of exposed individuals. Biomonitoring integrates all sources of exposure and all exposure routes (Angerer et al, 2007;Berode et al, 2011), therefore allowing the assessment of aggregate exposure. In the case of organophosphorus pesticides, it has been recently applied to estimate daily intake and to perform risk assessment (Katsikantami et al, 2019).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%