Biological/physical simulations of Calanus finmarchicus population dynamics in the Gulf of Maine

Lynch,; Gentleman, Wendy C.; McGillicuddy, Dennis J.; Cs, Davis

doi:10.3354/meps169189

Cited by 94 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our results indicate that C. finmarchicus is normally food-limited in the GOM during winter after it emerges from diapause. This would delay the development of the population as suggested by Lynch et al (1998). A consequence of this early 1999 generation would be to overcome the effects of the very low abundance of resting C5 C. finmarchicus observed in the deep basins of the GOM during the fall of 1998 by C. H. Greene & P. H. Wiebe (pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on studies in other regions and in the laboratory (Campbell et al 2001a,b) we would expect growth and reproduction of C. finmarchicus to be limited by the low food concentrations normally present at this time prior to the spring bloom. In a modeling study of C. finmarchicus in the GOM, Lynch et al (1998) found that they had to impose a food limitation effect to delay successful reproduction during the winter in order to fit available abundance data. Here we describe results from cruises across the GOM during late February 1999 and 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interannual variation in phytoplankton blooms and zooplankton productivity and abundance in the Gulf of Maine during winter

Durbin¹,

Campbell²,

Casas³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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An anomalous winter phytoplankton bloom was observed across the central Gulf of Maine during a winter cruise in late February 1999, but not during a similar mission to the same region in late February 2000. During the cruise in 1999, 0 to 40 m mean chl a concentrations were >2 µg l -1 , while in 2000 total chl a concentrations were <1.0, and > 5 µm size fractions were < 0.5 µg l -1. The presence of the bloom in 1999 could not be explained in terms of the critical depth hypothesis given conditions present at the time of the bloom. The large amount of colder, lower-salinity Scotian Shelf water present at the surface of the central Gulf of Maine in 1999 may have provided conditions suitable for the initiation of the bloom earlier during the winter. The presence of the winter bloom had a major effect on higher trophic levels. Zooplankton were >10 × more abundant in 1999 and included species typically not present in the central Gulf during winter. All developmental stages of planktonic copepods were present, including large numbers of older copepodid stages of species such as Calanus finmarchicus, indicating that the bloom had been proceeding for some time. RNA:DNA ratios of surface C. finmarchicus stage C5 and adult females were at or near maximum temperature-dependent values in 1999, but were considerably reduced in 2000. Egg production rates of C. finmarchicus were high in1999 but reduced in 2000. Both showed a curvilinear relationship with chl a. Analysis of gonads of females of other copepod species indicate similar between-year differences in reproductive rates. We suggest that the presence of the winter bloom in the central Gulf of Maine allows an extra generation of C. finmarchicus and other copepods to develop, leading to a buildup of the population during winter. This will have significant effects on downstream regions such as Georges Bank, which depend on re-supply from the Gulf of Maine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual variation in phytoplankton blooms and zooplankton productivity and abundance in the Gulf of Maine during winter

Durbin¹,

Campbell²,

Casas³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The values for the stage-dependent parameter a are those from Lynch et al (1998). For the feeding stages, a critical-weight criterion is used to determine the transition between stages (Carlotti & Wolf 1998).…”

Section: Vertical Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelf recruitment of Calanus finmarchicus off the west coast of Norway: role of physical processes and timing of diapause termination

Samuelsen¹,

Huse²,

Hansen³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The copepod Calanus finmarchicus is an important part of the Norwegian Sea ecosystem because of its dominating abundance and importance as prey for fish larvae and adult planktivorous fish. The abundance of C. finmarchicus on the Norwegian shelf is generally low in winter, whereas in spring the shelf is replenished by individuals that overwinter at depth, either in fjords or in the deep basins of the Norwegian Sea. In the present study shelf recruitment is investigated using an individual-based model for C. finmarchicus coupled to the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model and a biophysical model. The model was set up on a nested grid along the west coast of Norway and used to study the shelf recruitment originating from the Norwegian Sea. We investigate the effect of wind, currents and the timing of Calanus ascent on the shelf abundance of C. finmarchicus. The most important findings are the following: (1) periods of large on-shelf transport are connected with strong westerly winds associated with passing low-pressure systems; (2) the transport of overwintering adults onto the shelf determines the total shelf abundance prior to mid-summer; (3) the early spring bloom on the shelf causes increased shelf population of C. finmarchicus in the spring and throughout the summer compared to the areas further off-shore; and (4) the entry routes taken by C. finmarchicus are related to bathymetry; in particular, the deep trenches around Halten Bank and the Norwegian trench are favoured places to enter the Norwegian shelf.KEY WORDS: Cross-shelf transport · Calanus · Diapause · Norwegian Sea · Herring recruitment Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 386: [163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180] 2009 population largely because of their 'direct access' to the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC) and earlier reproduction (Rey 2004). In the present paper we focus on the C. finmarchicus in the Norwegian Sea and disregard the fjords. The shelf recruitment of C. finmarchicus can be separated into individuals that are transported from the open ocean to the shelf and new individuals that are produced on the shelf. It is presently unknown which of these is most important in determining the abundance of different stages of C. finmarchicus on the shelf.In studies of fish recruitment, much attention has been given to the importance of the timing of fish spawning in relation to the peak in nauplius abundance, motivated by the so-called match-mismatch hypothesis (Ellertsen et al. 1989, Cushing 1990). This hypothesis postulates that the survival of fish larvae is related to a match in the timing of occurrence of larvae and their food. The largest egg production rate in Calanus finmarchicus occurs during the spring bloom (Niehoff et al. 1999, Stenevik et al. 2007; consequently, the timing of the spring bloom influences nauplius abundance. The spring bloom occurs a month later in the Norwegian Sea compared to the shelf areas at similar ...

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“…being the most abundant (Kane 1984;Lough 1984). Lynch et al (1998) concluded from earlier work on Georges Bank (Davis 1984;Madin et al 1996;Sullivan and Meise 1996) that predation is likely to be the dominant source of mortality of C. finmarchicus on the Bank. They estimated minimal mortality to be 20% d Ϫ1 for C. finmarchicus eggs and 15% d Ϫ1 for nauplii.…”

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confidence: 99%

Predation by omnivorous copepods on early developmental stages of Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus spp.

Sell

Keuren

Madin

2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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Predation is thought to be an important source of mortality in the early life stages of fish and copepods on Georges Bank. Omnivorous copepods may be predators on copepod eggs and nauplii, but data on feeding rates or selectivity are scarce. As part of the GLOBEC Georges Bank program, we generated functional response curves for the omnivorous copepods Metridia lucens, Centropages typicus, and Temora longicornis feeding on the eggs and nauplii of Calanus finmarchicus or Pseudocalanus spp. in shipboard predation trials. Neither C. typicus nor M. lucens reached saturation feeding on Calanus eggs until prey concentration was >400 L−1. Individual M. lucens and C. typicus ingested up to 34 ± 9 (mean ± SD, n = 3) and 24 ± 14 eggs d−1, respectively (68C). T. longicornis was more abundant in late spring, when they ingested Calanus eggs at rates similar to those of C. typicus. At ambient prey concentrations, ingestion rates of Calanus nauplii were higher than rates of Calanus eggs for the predator M. lucens but were similar for C. typicus. Advanced naupliar stages were less susceptible to predation than young stages. Pseudocalanus nauplii moved faster and were ingested at lower rates than similarly sized Calanus nauplii. Predation rates increased with increasing temperature for the warm‐water species C. typicus but decreased for the cold‐water species M. lucens. These results may contribute to models predicting the development of copepod populations and their availability to larval fish.

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Biological/physical simulations of Calanus finmarchicus population dynamics in the Gulf of Maine

Cited by 94 publications

References 29 publications

Interannual variation in phytoplankton blooms and zooplankton productivity and abundance in the Gulf of Maine during winter

Interannual variation in phytoplankton blooms and zooplankton productivity and abundance in the Gulf of Maine during winter

Shelf recruitment of Calanus finmarchicus off the west coast of Norway: role of physical processes and timing of diapause termination

Predation by omnivorous copepods on early developmental stages of Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus spp.

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