Biological potential of puffballs: A comparative analysis

The impact of puffball autolysis on selected chemical and biological properties: Puffball extracts as potential ingredients of skin-care products

“…Methanol solutions of extracts (12.5 µL, 4 mg/mL), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent water solution (25 µL, 1:5 v/v), Na 2 CO 3 water solution (75.5 µL, 20% m/V) and water (175 µL) were mixed and the absorbance of the mixture was read after 2h at 630 nm, on a BioTek ELx808 microplate reader (Winooski, VT, USA). The standard curve was calculated using gallic acid and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of extract (mg GAE/g).The analysis was applied only to the immature fruiting bodies extracts, as the results referring to the mature fruiting bodies extracts were previously published [7].…”

“…Concentrated sulfuric acid was added (2 mL) and the absorbance of the mixture was read after 40 min at 490 nm on a Shimadzu UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Kyoto, Japan). Glucose was used for standard curve calculation, and the results were expressed as sugar percentages (%).The analysis was applied only to the immature fruiting bodies extracts, as the results referring to the mature fruiting body extracts were previously published [7].…”

“…Ergosterol and free fatty acids were determined using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method [4,7].For ergosterol determination, the extracts were dissolved in methanol (10 mg/mL). Free fatty acids were methylated prior to analysis.…”

“…The extracts (50 mg) were dissolved in 10% H 2 SO 4 methanol solu-tion (10 mL) and stirred for 3h at 40 o C. The acid was neutralized with an equimolar amount of H 2 CO 3 and methanol was evaporated under low pressure using a Heidolph Hei-VAP Value Rotary Evaporator (Schwabach, Germany). Esterified fatty acids were extracted with n-hexane (2 mL).Determination of both ergosterol and free fatty acids was achieved using the same program [7]. Analysis was performed using an Agilent Technologies 6890N GC System coupled with an Agilent 5973 Network Mass Selective Detector and MSD ChemStation Software G 1701BA.…”

Ethanol Thymus serpyllum extracts: Evaluation of extraction conditions via total polyphenol content and radical scavenging activity

“…The assay was carried out using the procedure described by Petrović et al (2016), ABTS ·+ free radicals were generated by mixing potassium persulfate water solution (3.8%, 88 µL) and ABTS ·+ water solution (0.38%, 5 mL) and keeping the reaction mixture during 24 h at 4°C. ABTS ·+ solution was diluted using pure ethanol in order to achieve the absorbance value of 0.700±0.02.…”