Biological properties of eosinophils

Kay, A. B.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01760.x

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Eosinophils are potent cells associated with various allergic processes (Djukanovic et al, 1990;Kay, 1991; Thorne & Mazza, 1991). In these diseases, eosinophil numbers and state of activation are related to worsening of symptoms and to the degree of lesion to the target organ (Djukanovic et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, mast cells are directly responsible for the acute clinical manifestations of allergic diseases (Holgate & Church, 1992) but may also influence the chronic states through the release of cytokines (Plaut et al, 1989;Bradding et al, 1992;Kulmburg et al, 1992). Another feature of allergic inflammation is the presence of eosinophils which are potent effector cells capable of causing tissue destruction and dysfunction (Djukanovic et al, 1990;Kay, 1991). Mast cells are thought to contribute to the recruitment of eosinophils through the release of mediators including phospholipids and chemotactic cytokines (Kulmburg et al, 1992) and this may be relevant to allergic disorders such as asthma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suppression by intradermal administration of heparin of eosinophil accumulation but not oedema formation in inflammatory reactions in guinea‐pig skin

Teixeira

Hellewell

1993

British J Pharmacology

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1 Heparin is widely used in the treatment of thrombotic disorders and as an aid in surgery. Antiinflammatory effects of heparin have also been described. In this study, we have investigated the effects of locally-injected heparin on the oedema formation and eosinophil accumulation induced by various inflammatory stimuli in guinea-pig skin.2 Heparin dose-dependently suppressed the accumulation of "'In-labelled eosinosphils induced by i.d. injection of zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP). The "'In-eosinophil accumulation induced by other inflammatory stimuli (compound 48/80, platelet activating factor, interleukin-8 and in a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction) was also suppressed by locally-injected heparin. 3 Oedema formation in response to these same stimuli was not altered by the local injection of heparin. 4 Fucoidin, a negatively-charged sulphated algal polymer, had no effect on the "1'In-eosinophil accumulation or oedema formation induced by ZAP. Nevertheless, fucoidin significantly suppressed the oedema formation induced by i.d. injection of cationic protein-containing extracts of Schistosoma mansoni larvae. Heparin also inhibited oedema induced by the extracts, suggesting that both fucoidin and heparin were effectively neutralizing the cationic protein of the extracts to inhibit their oedemainducing activity.5 Thus, heparin significantly inhibited the accumulation of "'In-eosinophils, but not oedema formation, induced by various inflammatory stimuli. This, taken together with the lack of effect of fucoidin, suggests that heparin interferes with the process of eosinophil trafficking by a mechanism that does not depend on neutralisation of the charge of the stimulatory molecules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression by intradermal administration of heparin of eosinophil accumulation but not oedema formation in inflammatory reactions in guinea‐pig skin

Teixeira

Hellewell

1993

British J Pharmacology

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“…Th2‐type inflammatory cells are thought to contribute to this process by producing a variety of inflammatory mediators, oxygen radicals and Th2‐type cytokines such as IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13 [2,3]. Acute exacerbations of asthma appear to be related to environmental allergen exposures [4,5], or viral respiratory infections [6]. However, there is a significant genetic predisposition to the development of asthma in humans [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The strength of the OVA-induced airway inflammation in rats is strain dependent

Hylkema¹,

Hoekstra

Luinge³

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY To examine the influence of genetics on the OVA‐induced allergic inflammatory response in lungs we compared rats that are genetically Th2‐predisposed (Brown Norway, inbred) or not genetically predisposed (Sprague Dawley, outbred). Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and challenged four weeks later with OVA aerosol. Eighteen hours after challenge, lung tissue was studied for evaluation of numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells, as well as for expression of P‐selectin, E‐selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) on endothelial cells. From a separate portion of the pulmonary tissue, leucocytes were isolated to analyse numbers of IFNγ and IL‐4 producing cells (ELISPOT assay) and frequencies of T‐cell subsets and B cells. We found increased numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils in the lung, an increased number of IL‐4 producing cells in lung cell isolates and increased levels of serum (OVA‐ specific)‐IgE in both rat strains. In addition, expression of E‐selectin and ICAM‐1 was up regulated in both rat strains whereas expression of VCAM‐1 was only up regulated in the BN rat. Although the ‘allergic’ Th2 response to OVA was detectable in both rat strains, it was more pronounced in the BN rat than in the SD rat. However, the SD rat, which is not predisposed to respond in either a Th2 or Th1‐like way, appeared capable of mounting an allergic response to OVA. This suggests that other factors than genetic contribute to allergic disease.

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“…Additionally, in their granula are stored various highly cytotoxic protein mediators, such as ECP, major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil peroxidase and eosinophil derived neurotoxin. They can be released from their matrix and the core of secondary granula [17]. These cytotoxic proteins are able to kill parasites, destroy epithelial cells and induce the liberation of histamine from mast cells (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific IgE and skin tests to house dust and storage mites and eosinophil cationic protein in scabies

Haustein¹,

Maus²,

Zschiesche³

et al. 1996

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background: In addition to the infestation with scabies mites also allergic IgE mediated mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of scabies.Aim: The aim of this study was to answer the question whether specific IgE mediated reactions to house dust and storage mites can be found and whether eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of scabies.Material: 44 scabies patients (12 children, 32 adults) were classified according to the extent of skin involvement as mild, moderate and severe. Age-and sex-matched healthy controls and patients with atopic dermatitis were studied for comparative purposes.Methods: Total and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Acartts siro and Pityrosporon ovale were tested by CAP-FEIA (Pharmacia, Sweden) before and 6 weeks after treatment and prick tests were performed with the same allergens. The number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and tissue specimens was counted and the eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) was determined by CAP-FEIA in serum before and 6 weeks after therapy.Results: The total IgE was increased in 86% of patients. It was correlated with the extent of skin involvement (p < 0.05) and was significantly less increased 6 weeks after treatment (p < 0.05). Specific IgE to house dust and storage mites was increased up to 48% in the CAP-FEIA and up to 61% in the prick test, all together significantly higher than in controls and in comparable frequencies with atopic dermatitis. Pityrosporon ovale IgE was within normal ranges. Die ECP levels were increased in 89% of patients and correlated only in mild versus moderate or severe extent of the disease. 6 weeks after treatment, however, they were significantly less increased (p<0.01). In addition. ECP levels were correlated with the IgE levels in scabies (C = 0.88). The number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood was increased in 64% of cases and in tissue specimens in 84 % of cases studied. In principle, the extent of skin lesions was milder and the frequencies of specific IgE in the CAP-and prick test as well as the levels of total IgE (p < 0.01) and ECP (only in the tendency) were lower in children than in adults. ' Corresponding author. Fax; 49-341-9718609. 0926-9959/96/$15.00 © 1996 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved PII S0926-9959(96)00003-7 U.-F. Hauslein et al. // Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 6 (1996) 232-239 233 Discussion: The frequencies in the total and specific IgE to house dust and storage mites are comparable with those in atopic dermatitis. The question remains open, whether this is due to cross reactivity with scabies mites or whether this suggests an enhanced susceptibility to generalized scabies eruption. The increase in the ECP and its correlation to IgE, its decline after treatment (p < (1.05) and the occurrence of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and in inflammatory infiltrates of the skin suggest the involvement of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of scabies as an ectoparasitic IgE mediated disease.

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Biological properties of eosinophils

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Suppression by intradermal administration of heparin of eosinophil accumulation but not oedema formation in inflammatory reactions in guinea‐pig skin

Suppression by intradermal administration of heparin of eosinophil accumulation but not oedema formation in inflammatory reactions in guinea‐pig skin

The strength of the OVA-induced airway inflammation in rats is strain dependent

Specific IgE and skin tests to house dust and storage mites and eosinophil cationic protein in scabies

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