Biological Properties of Tocotrienols: Evidence in Human Studies

Meganathan, Puvaneswari; Fu, Ju-Yen

doi:10.3390/ijms17111682

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The Sawa Mahsuli cultivar from Nepal showed lower relative abundance of γ-tocopherol and γtocotrienol when compared to other cultivars and should be considered as a genetic resource for crop improvement because total vitamin E contents found in rice bran are associated with health benefits [63]. γ-tocopherol, the primary form of vitamin E in food in the USA [64], and γ-tocotrienol, a safe and welltolerated form of vitamin E [65], have demonstrated a broad range of disease fighting activities including but not limited to anti-inflammatory [66] and anti-hypertension actions [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Rice Bran Metabolomics across Diverse Cultivars and Functional Rice Gene-Bran Metabolite Relationships

Zarei¹,

Luna²,

Leach³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) processing yields ~60 million metric tons of bran annually. Rice genes producing bran metabolites of nutritional and human health importance were assessed across 17 diverse cultivars from seven countries using non-targeted metabolomics and resulted in 378-430 metabolites. Gambiaka cultivar had the highest number and Njavara had the lowest number of metabolites. The 71 rice bran compounds of significant variation by cultivar included 21 amino acids, seven carbohydrates, two metabolites from cofactors and vitamins, 33 lipids, six nucleotides, and two secondary metabolites. Tryptophan, -ketoglutarate, γ-tocopherol/β-tocopherol and γ-tocotrienol are example bran metabolites with extensive cultivar variation and genetic information. 34 rice bran components that varied between cultivars linked to 535 putative biosynthetic genes using to the OryzaCyc 4.0, Plant Metabolic Network database. Rice genes responsible for bran composition with animal and human health importance is available for rice breeding programs to utilize in crop improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Rice Bran Metabolomics across Diverse Cultivars and Functional Rice Gene-Bran Metabolite Relationships

Zarei¹,

Luna²,

Leach³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…This vitamin appears to be involved in several stages of inflammation and immune regulation, modulating cell functions and gene expression [7]. It has protective effects against CVD, metabolic disorders and other diseases where oxidative stress represents a risk factor, by cancelling the oxidation produced by free radicals on cells, nervous tissues or membranes [8].…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has protective effects against CVD, metabolic disorders and other diseases where oxidative stress represents a risk factor, by cancelling the oxidation produced by free radicals on cells, nervous tissues or membranes [8]. Due to the presence of tocotrienols, it has the effect of lowering cholesterol beyond the antioxidant mechanism [7][8][9].…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Vitamin Supplementation on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients without Manifest Cardiovascular Diseases: Never-ending Hope or Underestimated Effect?

et al. 2020

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Micronutrients, especially vitamins, play an important role in the evolution of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It has been speculated that additional intake of vitamins may reduce the CVD burden by acting on the inflammatory and oxidative response starting from early stages of atherosclerosis, when the vascular impairment might still be reversible or, at least, slowed down. The current review assesses the role of major vitamins on subclinical atherosclerosis process and the potential clinical implications in patients without CVD. We have comprehensively examined the literature data for the major vitamins: A, B group, C, D, and E, respectively. Most data are based on vitamin E, D and C supplementation, while vitamins A and B have been scarcely examined for the subclinical atherosclerosis action. Though the fundamental premise was optimistic, the up-to-date trials with vitamin supplementation revealed divergent results on subclinical atherosclerosis improvement, both in healthy subjects and patients with CVD, while the long-term effect seems minimal. Thus, there are no conclusive data on the prevention and progression of atherosclerosis based on vitamin supplementation. However, given their enormous potential, future trials are certainly needed for a more tailored CVD prevention focusing on early stages as subclinical atherosclerosis.

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“…In addition, there is growing evidence on the health promotion effects of other phytonutrients present in PO such as phytosterols, squalene and coenzyme Q10. Clinical studies have reported on the beneficial effects of palm tocotrienols on neuroprotection and cognitive function, cancer, cardiovascular health, immune modulation, antioxidant and skin protection in humans (Meganathan and Fu, 2016). Carotenoids in red palm oil have been associated with numerous health benefits through their potential effectiveness in combating vitamin A deficiency, heart diseases, antiatherogenesis, severe haemorrhaging, hypertension, cancer protection, infections, reproductive deficiencies in both males and females, diabetes, chemotherapy side-effects and hypobaric conditions (Dong et al, 2017;Loganathan et al, 2017).…”

Section: Palm Oil In Food and Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2017 – Review Article

Kushairi¹

2018

JOPR

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Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has emerged as a major economic crop feeding the world today. This article aims to capture the more recent progress made by the oil palm industry and to discuss the possible path research and development will take in the coming years. In 2017, palm oil and palm kernel oil production recorded close to one-third (75.17 million tonnes) of world total oils and fats production from a planted area of 19.04 million hectares, mainly from Indonesia and Malaysia. Malaysian palm oil alone fetched RM 46.12 billion export revenue from its India and European Union markets. The continuous growth of the industry is made possible through implementation of key strategies covering the whole process chain, from upstream to downstream. Intensified mechanisation, integrated pest and Ganoderma management, advanced breeding and biotechnology as well as good agricultural practices help boost oil palm yields for both plantations and smallholdings. In the palm oil milling sector, focus such as by-products valorisation, biogas (productivity, trapping and utilisation as a form of energy) and wastewater management, i.e. palm oil mill effluent for final discharge compliance ensures that the industry meets its sustainable goals. Palm oil is generally used for edible purpose, however about 20% goes into higher value non-food applications such as palm biodiesel.The beneficial nutritional aspects of palm oil are evident based on its positional distribution and fatty acids composition, while its quality enhanced via technology integration/mitigation and analytical elucidations.Facing strong competition from petrochemicals, palm-based oleochemicals are strategically aimed at producing value-added products for niche and new markets. It is apparent that synergising conventional and disruptive technologies at every level of the palm oil supply chain is desirable and essential to thrust the industry forward. As a commodity, palm oil has not only emerged as an important food source, but has proven to be effectively utilised for feed, fuels and chemicals, to name a few, in developing a sustainable and balanced circular economy.

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Biological Properties of Tocotrienols: Evidence in Human Studies

Cited by 61 publications

References 49 publications

Comparative Rice Bran Metabolomics across Diverse Cultivars and Functional Rice Gene-Bran Metabolite Relationships

Comparative Rice Bran Metabolomics across Diverse Cultivars and Functional Rice Gene-Bran Metabolite Relationships

The Effect of Vitamin Supplementation on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients without Manifest Cardiovascular Diseases: Never-ending Hope or Underestimated Effect?

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2017 – Review Article

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