Biological Rhythms

Schwassmann, Horst O.

doi:10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60151-x

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Many marine and estuarine organisms within a wide range of taxonomic groups of zooplankton are known to display vertical migration in synchrony with the day-night cycle (Schwassmann, 1971;Gajbhiye et al, 1984;Patriti et al, 1984;Stubblefield et al, 1984;Forward, 1988;Frost, 1989a,b, 1991;Okemwa, 1989;Hill, 1991a,b,c;De Stasio, 1993). They most commonly show either a nocturnal or twilight pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertical migrations of zooplankton are nearly ubiquitous in both freshwater and marine systems and thus are well documented in the literature (Enright, 1970;Schwassmann, 1971;Decoursey, 1983;Lampert, 1989;Neilson and Perry, 1990;Hays, 2003). External factors such as light intensity, season, lunar phase and tidal cycles, temperature and salinity may affect migratory behaviour (Hammer, 1981;Paffenhoper, 1983;Gajbhiye et al, 1984;Magnesen, 1989;Magnesen et al, 1989;Fragopoulu and Lykakis, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Vertical distribution and trophic structure of the macrozooplankton in a shallow temperate estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal)

Morgado¹,

Pastorinho²,

Quintaneiro³

et al. 2006

Sci. Mar.

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SUMARY: The zooplankton of the lower part of Canal de Mira (Ria de Aveiro) was sampled during one lunar month. The sampling programme consisted of nine 25 hour fixed-cycles, separated weekly. In each cycle, samples were collected every two hours at three depths (surface, mid-water and above the bottom) with a 500 µm mesh net. The overall effect of the tidal phase was analyzed, taking into account the day and depth of the vertical position of the organisms through a 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The zooplankton densities were, in general, higher at the surface during the night and near the bottom during the day, mainly at spring tide. The variation in the number of species followed a similar pattern to that observed for abundance. Significant differences (p<0.01) between diel and tidal phases were observed. Interaction between phase of the day and depth was also significant (p<0.05), with higher organism densities observed during night periods near the bottom. From a trophic point of view the zooplankton community of Canal de Mira was mainly composed of carnivorous and omnivorous species. Carnivores were significantly more abundant around the new and full moon (p<0.001), the omnivores at the new moon (p<0.001) and the herbivores and detritivores at the first quarter of the moon cycles (p<0.001). The density of carnivores was significantly higher at the surface at night and near the bottom during the day (p<0.05). Significant differences in the abundance of omnivores were observed between phases of the day and between depths, with higher values near the bottom during the day. The herbivores and detritivores had significantly higher densities during flood tides (p<0.001).Keywords: macrozooplankton, vertical distribution, trophic structure, temperate estuary.RESUMEN: DISTIBUICIÓN VERTICAL Y ESTRUCTURA TRÓFICA DEL MACROZOOPLANCTON EN UN ESTUARIO TEMPLADO (RIA DE AVEIRO). -El zooplancton de la parte inferior del Canal de Mira (Ria de Aveiro) fue muestreado durante un mes lunar. El programa de muestreo consistió en nueve ciclos de 25 horas, con periodicidad semanal. En cada ciclo, las muestras fueron recogidas cada dos horas, a tres profundidades (superficie, columna de agua y sobre el fondo) con una red de 500 µm. El efecto total de la fase de la marea fue analizado, teniendo en consideración el día y la profundidad en la posición vertical de los organismos con un análisis 3-Way ANOVA. Las densidades del zooplancton fueron en general más altas en la superficie durante la noche y cercanas al fondo durante el día, principalmente em la marea viva. La variación en el número de especies siguió un patrón similar al observado para la abundancia. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p<0.01) entre las fases del día y las fases de marea. La interacción entre la fase del día y la profundidad fue también significativa (p<0.05) con densidades de organismos más altas durante los periodos nocturnos en el fondo. De un punto de vista trófico, la comunidad zooplanctónica del Canal de Mira está principalmente compuesta por es...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Vertical distribution and trophic structure of the macrozooplankton in a shallow temperate estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal)

Morgado¹,

Pastorinho²,

Quintaneiro³

et al. 2006

Sci. Mar.

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“…In the afternoon, all these behavioural actions become very low. The higher activity in the morning is a known phenomenon (SCHWASSMANN 1971;THORPE 1978) and occurs with many different species. But, besides that, temperature is often a regulator to swimming and aggressiveness that usually increase with temperature (HESS 1952).…”

Section: Fantamentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour and orcadian rhythm of the fish bathygobius soporator Valenciennes (Gobiidae) under the influence of environmental salinity and temperature

Fanta

1997

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. The behavioural patterns and their circadian rhythms may be adaptive to the peculiar environmental conditions of subtropical brackish waters where Bathygobius soporator Valenciennes, 1837 live. Adult fish were caught at the southern Brazilian coast from mangrove rivers and rocky shores in a bay, where temperature and water salinity vary during the day and through the year. Observation on the behaviour of the animals was undertaken in salinity 8.5ppt, 17.0ppt, 25.5ppt and 34.0ppt, each one in temperatures of 18°C and 28°C. Temperature and salinity affect the frequency and intensity ofsome ofthe behavioural events, more than its pattern or rhythm. Swimming is rare, decreasing along the day and with temperature increase, being even lower at low salinity; aggressiveness is the highest in the morning being not affected by temperature, but by salinity, being higher the higher it is; territory defence decreases along the day and is lower at high temperature and extreme salinities; fish hide more at high temperature and with the decrease ofsalinity, but this is not rhythmical; a higher proportion offish rest in vertical position when salinity and temperature are high, increasing slightly at the beginning ofthe afternoon; respiratory frequency increases with temperature, salinity and in the afternoon; the colour of the fish is mainly light with spots in all hours of the day and in all temperatures and different levels ofsalinity, but with a tendency ofthe presence ofsome dark fish during the morning and some light ones in the afternoon, showing a higher valiability of colours at low temperature and extreme salinities. Besides temperature, salinity and light, feeding seems to be one of the determinant factors for the performance of the typical behaviour of B. soporator.

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“…Estudos de ritmos endógenos de aproximadamente 24 hora s foram realizados em espécies amazónicas por Lissmann & Schwassmann (1965) e Schwassmann (1971Schwassmann ( a e 1978. Esses autores utilizaram as alterações da freqüência dos pulSOS Museu Paraense Emrlio Goeldi, C. P. 399, 66.000 Belém, PA elétricos de algumas espécies de gimnotfdeos (peixes-elétricos) para monitorarem os perfodos em que estes repousam ou estão ativos .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O estudo de ritmos diários em peixes são frequentemente realizados através de observações visuais em ambientes naturais, quando a transparência da água permite; através de experimentos feitos em aquários, dentro de condições ambientais cor1troladas ; ou com o emprego de aparelhos que registram o movimento dos peixes sob a água (Schwassmann, 1971 a) . Com exceção dos gimnotfdeos, que podem ser percebidos por suas descargas elétricas , há uma dificuldade muito grande na Amazónia em se estudar os movimentos dos pe ix es no ambiente natural, pois as águas são normalmente pouco transparentes .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Uso de redes de espera no estudo de ritmos circadianos de algumas espécies de peixes nos lagos de várzea do rio Solimões

Barthem

1986

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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Rhythmic activity patterns are demonstrated for 15 species of fish in várzea lakes of the Solimões river by analyzing catch per hour-of-day INTRODUÇÃORitmos diários já foram observados em muitas espécies, relacionados a mudanças dclicas de diversos fatores ambientais. Essa alteração diária do comportamento da espécie é associada a sua estratégia de sobrevivência, que apresenta vantagens adaptativas em possuir a capacidade de "antever" e de se preparar para as mudanças ambientais previsrveis (Schwassmann, 1980) . Dessa forma, cada espécie desenvolveu, dentro da história de sua evolução, um comportamento adaptado a explorar determinados ambientes nos perrodos em que o seu mecanismo de defesa fosse mais efetivo (Hobson, 1972) . Para os vertebrados, fatores abióticos, como luz, temperatura e umidade"tendem a serem menos importantes diretamente· na atividade diária do animal do que fatores bióticos (Cloudsley-Thompson, 1961) . A disponibilidade de alimentos, o peixe e o predador são os três principais componentes de que, dessa interação biológica, resultam os ritmos diários de atividade e alimentação dos peixes (Manteifel et aL, 1978) .

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Biological Rhythms

Cited by 46 publications

References 149 publications

Vertical distribution and trophic structure of the macrozooplankton in a shallow temperate estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal)

Vertical distribution and trophic structure of the macrozooplankton in a shallow temperate estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal)

Behaviour and orcadian rhythm of the fish bathygobius soporator Valenciennes (Gobiidae) under the influence of environmental salinity and temperature

Uso de redes de espera no estudo de ritmos circadianos de algumas espécies de peixes nos lagos de várzea do rio Solimões

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