Biological Scaffolds Assembled with Magnetic Nanoparticles for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review

Abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are widely used in bone tissue engineering because of their unique physical and chemical properties and their excellent biocompatibility. Under the action of a magnetic field, SPIONs loaded in a biological scaffold can effectively promote osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and so on. SPIONs have very broad application prospects in bone repair, bone reconstruction, bone regeneration, and other fields. In this paper, several methods for forming biological scaffolds via the biological assembly of SPIONs are reviewed, and the specific applications of these biological scaffolds in bone tissue engineering are discussed.

Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Enhancing Bone Regeneration

“…20 The size and shape of IONPs are effectively controlled by the above different reaction modes and reaction conditions (such as temperature and pressure). 50 The direct interaction between IONPs and therapeutic agents, combined with external magnetic field intervention, constitutes a highly stable nanosystem. Drugs, genes, growth factors, and enzymes have been applied to IONPs, especially superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs).…”

“…IONPs can be easily synthesized and many different synthesis methods have been reported, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol–gel, coprecipitation, microwave-assisted, chemical vapor deposition, electrochemistry, sonochemistry, laser pyrolysis, and bacterial microbial synthesis methods . The size and shape of IONPs are effectively controlled by the above different reaction modes and reaction conditions (such as temperature and pressure) . The direct interaction between IONPs and therapeutic agents, combined with external magnetic field intervention, constitutes a highly stable nanosystem.…”