Biological Synthesis of Nanocatalysts and Their Applications

Abstract

Over the past few decades, the synthesis and potential applications of nanocatalysts have received great attention from the scientific community. Many well-established methods are extensively utilized for the synthesis of nanocatalysts. However, most conventional physical and chemical methods have some drawbacks, such as the toxicity of precursor materials, the requirement of high-temperature environments, and the high cost of synthesis, which ultimately hinder their fruitful applications in various fields. Bioinspired synthesis is eco-friendly, cost-effective, and requires a low energy/temperature ambient. Various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae are used as nano-factories and can provide a novel method for the synthesis of different types of nanocatalysts. The synthesized nanocatalysts can be further utilized in various applications such as the removal of heavy metals, treatment of industrial effluents, fabrication of materials with unique properties, biomedical, and biosensors. This review focuses on the biogenic synthesis of nanocatalysts from various green sources that have been adopted in the past two decades, and their potential applications in different areas. This review is expected to provide a valuable guideline for the biogenic synthesis of nanocatalysts and their concomitant applications in various fields.

Onion Peel Waste Mediated-Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Phytotoxicity on Mung Bean and Wheat Plant Growth

“…Nanoparticles have gained a huge amount of attention in the last decade due to their high demand in the fields of environmental cleanup, micronutrients for plants and biofertilizers, and electronics [ 1 , 2 ]. The increasing use of nanoparticles and their occurrence in the environment has made it imperative to elucidate their impact on the environment [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Green Synthesized Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles (CaO NPs) Using Leaves Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities

“…Because of their size, shape, and morphology, bulk materials exhibit improved and unique characteristics when manipulated at the nanoscale level [2]. As an individual, they are helpful in various disciplines, including material science [3], photochemistry, medicine [4], and solar energy [5]. Calcium oxide (CaO) finds wide used in cosmetics, medicine, waste remediation, destructive adsorbent, and catalyst [1].…”

Sensing beyond Senses: An Overview of Outstanding Strides in Architecting Nanopolymer-Enabled Sensors for Biomedical Applications

“…The designed system has an advantage of high surface area, high recovery percentage, and, hence, also finds a cost-effective industrial application validated by density functional theory. Generally, these composites require an optimization of adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, temperature, and a well-defined concentration range in ppm and seldom are overlooked when compared to dual functioning materials, such as asymmetric nano-sized silver particle based plasmonic structures [ 59 ] utilized in sensing the toxic organic dyes in water and, simultaneously, providing an off-grid solution for quality examination and solar water purifying units. The sensing system is verified with Direct Red 23, Direct Blue 15, and Direct Black 19 and has proved to be highly effective, offering a pronounced spatial uniformity, long term stability, and durability.…”