Biological Treatment of TNT-Contaminated Soil by a Two-Stage Anaerobic/Aerobic Process

Daun, Gregor; Lenke, Hiltrud; Desiere, Frank; Stolpmann, H.; Warrelmann, Jürgen; Reuß, Matthias; Knackmuss, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_79

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The same treatment was also applied to soils contaminated with TNT [61]. Another approach to treat TNT-contaminated material includes a sequence of an anaerobic and aerobic process [62]. First the nitroaromatic compounds are reductively transformed in an anaerobic stage to the corresponding amines, and subsequently the amino compounds are irreversibly bound to the humic fraction under aerobic conditions [62,63].…”

Section: Nitroaromatic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminated environments in the subsurface and bioremediation: organic contaminants

Holliger¹

1997

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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Due to leakages, spills, improper disposal and accidents during transport, organic compounds have become subsurface contaminants that threaten important drinking water resources. One strategy to remediate such polluted subsurface environments is to make use of the degradative capacity of bacteria. It is often sufficient to supply the subsurface with nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and aerobic treatments are still dominating. However, anaerobic processes have advantages such as low biomass production and good electron acceptor availability, and they are sometimes the only possible solution. This review will focus on three important groups of environmental organic contaminants: hydrocarbons, chlorinated and nitroaromatic compounds. Whereas hydrocarbons are oxidized and completely mineralized under anaerobic conditions in the presence of electron acceptors such as nitrate, iron, sulfate and carbon dioxide, chlorinated and nitroaromatic compounds are reductively transformed. For the aerobic often persistent polychlorinated compounds, reductive dechlorination leads to harmless products or to compounds that are aerobically degradable. The nitroaromatic compounds are first reductively transformed to the corresponding amines and can subsequently be bound to the humic fraction in an aerobic process. Such new findings and developments give hope that in the near future contaminated aquifers can efficiently be remediated, a prerequisite for a sustainable use of the precious-subsurface drinking water resources.

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Section: Nitroaromatic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminated environments in the subsurface and bioremediation: organic contaminants

Holliger¹

1997

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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Bioremediation of Dinitrotoluene in Aged Clay and Sandy Soils Using Pseudomonas Organisms, Spizizen Nutrient Medium and Prairie Silt Loam

Kornguth¹,

Chambliss

Gehring

et al. 1997

Remediation Journal

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This article describes the utility of Spizizen medium in effecting the release of 2,4 dinitrotoluene (DNT) from plasticized propellant in aged clay soil and of added Pseudomonas organisms in enhancing the rate of degradation of DNT in clay and sandy soils. DNT is an environmental problem because of its toxicity to mammals. It is proposed that the citrate in Spizizen medium chelates metals that form the aggregates of humin in aged clay soils, thereby releasing propellant components. Lack of awareness of DNT mobilization by citrate or other polyanions may lead to a potential underestimation of the 2,4 DNT present in aged contaminated soil and a potential increased release of DNT following exposure to solvents containing citrate or other polyanions. DNT in contaminated sandy soils was rapidly degraded when Pseudomonas and Spizizen medium were added (85% degraded in 20 days). Pseudomonas isolated/Torn soils at the Badger Plant have particular utility for the in situ degradation of 2,4 DNT in clay and sandy soils because they metabolize Spizizen medium, thrive in diverse climates, and have been selected for their ability to grow in soils contaminated with DNT. Mixture of either the contaminated clay soil or the contaminated sandy soil with uncontaminated prairie silt loam (20:80 ratio) facilitated management of the treatment process. This observation is important because of the widespread distribution, and hence low cost, of this soil type in the central United States.

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Anaerobic Biotechnology for Sustainable Waste Treatment

Verstraete

Tanghe

Smul

et al. 1997

Biotechnology in the Sustainable Environment

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Biological Treatment of TNT-Contaminated Soil by a Two-Stage Anaerobic/Aerobic Process

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Contaminated environments in the subsurface and bioremediation: organic contaminants

Contaminated environments in the subsurface and bioremediation: organic contaminants

Bioremediation of Dinitrotoluene in Aged Clay and Sandy Soils Using Pseudomonas Organisms, Spizizen Nutrient Medium and Prairie Silt Loam

Anaerobic Biotechnology for Sustainable Waste Treatment

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