Biologically Active Androgens and Œstradiol in Men With Chronic Liver Disease

Galvão-Teles, A; Anderson, David C.; Burke, C. W.; Marshall, J.; Corker, C. S.; Bown, R. L.; Clark, M. L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90005-6

Cited by 149 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We have studied the morphometric changes seen in zones 1 and 3 because hepatocytes from both zones are known to have different activities in relation to the orderly diffusion gradient of metabolites throughout the liver acinus [22][23][24]. Significant differences of hepatocyte morphology shown by this study are consistent with the different metabolic activities of hepatocytes in the two zones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Quantitative Studies of Liver Atrophy After Portacaval Shunt in the Rat

Zaitoun

Apelqvist

Al-Mardini

et al. 2006

Journal of Surgical Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Quantitative Studies of Liver Atrophy After Portacaval Shunt in the Rat

Zaitoun

Apelqvist

Al-Mardini

et al. 2006

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…Total testosterone levels in various studies were found to be normal 19'2~ or decreased, 13'21 but free testosterone level was almost always low in liver cirrhosis. 16,17 Since the biological response to testosterone is a function of the concentration of non-protein bound testosterone in plasma, the low level of free testosterone, the biologically active substance, may contribute to the clinical signs of hypogonadism. It appears that serum SHBG, by regulating the serum free testosterone level, plays an important role in the occurrence of hypogonadism in male patients with cirrhosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypogonadism is not related to the etiology of liver cirrhosis

et al. 1995

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We investigated the clinical and laboratory findings of hypogonadism and feminization in male patients with viral or alcoholic cirrhosis to determine whether chronic liver disease plays a primary role in the development of sexual dysfunction and hormonal changes. Two groups of male patients with liver cirrhosis (23 alcoholic, 33 viral) age- and Child's grade-matched, and 20 age-matched healthy men, as a control group, were included in this study. Clinical signs of hypogonadism and feminization were examined in the cirrhotic patients. Follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, testosterone, free testosterone, estradiol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin were estimated in all groups. Seminal fluid was also analyzed in 7 alcoholic and 15 viral cirrhotics. Serum levels of estradiol, androstenedione, and sex hormone-binding globulin were significantly higher, and free testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were significantly lower in both groups of cirrhotics compared with the control group. Child's C patients in both groups of cirrhotics were found to have higher estradiol and lower free testosterone levels than child's A and B patients. Alcoholic and viral cirrhotics had markedly reduced sperm motility and density. The differences between alcoholic and viral cirrhotic patients in the clinical signs of hypogonadism, serum levels of sex steroids, and the results of seminal fluid analysis were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that liver cirrhosis per se, independent of etiology, causes hypogonadism and feminization, and that the degree of hypogonadism and feminization correlates well with the severity of liver failure.

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“…Chronic alcoholic men have normal to moderately elevated plasma gonadotropin concentrations, often in the face of markedly decreased plasma testosterone concentrations (1,6,42,56,57,60). This has been interpreted to suggest the presence of diminished hypothalamic-pituitary function in such men, and this suggestion has been confirmed by studies establishing that chronic alcoholic men have reduced plasma gonadotropin responses to clomiphene and luteinizing hormone releasing factor (6,7).…”

Section: +752 Ig/nml)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Alcohol-Induced Ovarian Failure in the Rat

Thiel¹,

Gavaler²,

Lester³

et al. 1978

J. Clin. Invest.

122

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A B S T R A C T The effect of ethanol feeding on ovarian function and structure in fenmale rats was studied in alcohol-fed animals, isocalorically fed controls, and two ad libitum-fed control groups. Ovarian weight was reduced by 60% in alcohol-fed animals compared with the control groups. Gross disruption of ovarian architecture was noted, characterized by the absence of any corpus hemorrhagicum and corpus albicans. Moreover, plasma levels of estradiol were significantly reduced in the alcohol-fed animals (P < 0.01) compared with the levels found in isocaloric controls. Plasma levels of estrone and corticosterone were increased in alcoholfed and isocaloric control animals relative to those of ad libitum-fed animals suggesting a primarily adrenal, rather than ovarian, origin for these two steroids. Despite the increase in estrone, the secondary sex organs (uterus and fallopian tubes) reflected marked estrogen deprivation presumably as a result of estradiol insufficiency.Progesterone levels in the alcohol-fed animals were significantly less than levels in the isocaloric and intact ad libitum-fed controls but were not significantly different compared to oophorectomized animals.Plasnma follicle-stimulating hormone levels were sinmilar in alcohol-fed, isocaloric controls, and ad libitum-intact controls. They were, however, one-third the level ofoophorectomized controls. Both alcohol-fed anid isocaloric controls had increased levels of plasma luteinizing hormone, although levels were below those seen in oophorectomized controls (P < 0.01).The results establish that ingestion of a diet containing 5% ethanol for periods as short as 6 wk produces functional and histologic ovarian failure in the female rat.Dr. V'an Thiel is the recipient of U. S. Public Health Service Career Developmiient Award AA00016.

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Biologically Active Androgens and Œstradiol in Men With Chronic Liver Disease

Cited by 149 publications

References 21 publications

Quantitative Studies of Liver Atrophy After Portacaval Shunt in the Rat

Quantitative Studies of Liver Atrophy After Portacaval Shunt in the Rat

Hypogonadism is not related to the etiology of liver cirrhosis

Alcohol-Induced Ovarian Failure in the Rat

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