Biologically Active Components from Mycobacterial Cell Walls. I. Isolation and Composition of Cell Wall Skeleton and Component P
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Azuma, Ichiro; Ribi, Edgar; Meyer, Thomas J.; Zbar, Berton

doi:10.1093/jnci/52.1.95

Cited by 198 publications

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“…Les mycolates de trehalose sont des substances hydroxylees fortement adsorbees chromatographiquement, de sorte que de faibles variations dans la polarite des chafnes aliphatiques esterifiant le sucre sont masquees par la grande polarite de I'ensemble: ainsi, alors que les cord factor naturels purifies par chromatographie apparaissent comme une substance homogene (telle que P3 [4]), les acides mycoliques liberks par saponification peuvent Etre aistment separes a l'etat d'esters de methyle, et leur nombre et leurs proportions relatives montrent qu'il doit exister plusieurs types de cord factor.…”

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“…En particulier, il existe, chez les bacteries, divers lipides dont les proprietes chromatographiques et physico-chimiques sont proches de celles des cord factor. La purification de ces derniers a pu Ctre rtcemment rkalisee grdce ii des techniques de chromatographie associant l'utilisation de silice microparticulaire et la force centrifuge [4].…”

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“…Neanmoins, les fractions les plus pures de ces preparations, par exemple la fraction P3 de Ribi [4], libkrent, par saponification, plusieurs types d'acides mycoliques, et on peut supposer que cette fraction est encore un melange, non separable chromatographiquement, d'esters d'acides mycoliques divers et de trehalose. La separation de tels melanges permettrait d'obtenir diverses espkces moleculaires de cord ,factor (diffirant par la nature des acides mycoliques) et d'etudier leurs propriktks biologiques specifiques.…”

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Separation et etude structurale des especes moleculaires de monomycolates et de dimycolates de alpha-d-trehalose presents chez Mycobacterium phlei

Promé¹,

Lacave²,

Ahibo‐Coffy³

et al. 1976

Eur J Biochem

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a-D-Trehalose present in Mycobacterium phleiMixtures of dimycolates of a-u-trehalose (cord factor) and monomycolates have been isolated from Mycohacterium phlei and separated as trimethylsilyl derivatives according to the polarity of the fatty acid residues. The free glycolipids can be recovered by mild hydrolysis. Silylation and desilylation reactions did not induce any isomerisation.The structure of these trehalose esters has been determined by using a series of reactions elaborated on synthetic acyl-sugar models. Free hydroxyl groups are transformed into tetrahydropyran ethers, deacylated by dimsyl sodium, methylated and the sugar derivatives are hydrolyzed. The O-methylsugars obtained contain a methyl ether group located at the position where the acyl group was present initially. Identification by gas chromatography of the 0-methyl-sugars thus allows the location of the fatty acid residues in the glycolipid. It has been demonstrated that no migration occurs.Two types of 6-monomycoloyl-a-~-trehalose have been isolated, differing by the nature of the mycolic acid residues. One of them, called MA, contains "a-phlei mycolic acid". The other one, called M,, contains "y-phlei mycolic acid" which is the ester of 2-eicosanol with the co-carboxyl function of a dicarboxylic mycolic acid.

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Separation et etude structurale des especes moleculaires de monomycolates et de dimycolates de alpha-d-trehalose presents chez Mycobacterium phlei

Promé¹,

Lacave²,

Ahibo‐Coffy³

et al. 1976

Eur J Biochem

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“…infantis and its components (in preparation) . 1 (8), and washed and suspended in PBS. Nonliving bacterial preparations were obtained by keeping the living bacteria under aerobic conditions for 3 to 7 days, and were certified for loss of growth ability.…”

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Antitumor and Immunological Adjuvant Effect of Bifidobacterium infantis in Mice

Kohwi

Hashimoto

Tamura

1982

Bifidobacteria Microflora

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Intraregional repeated injections of living or killed Bifidobacterium infantis i nhibited the growth of established Meth-A tumor cells transplanted subcutaneousl y into syngeneic BALB/c mice (regression) . When tumor cells mixed with B infantis were inoculated subcutaneously into mice , tumors did not develop in the majority of the recipient mice (suppression) . Water-insoluble cell walls which were obtained b y sonication of kill ed B. infantis induced suppression of tumor development but failed to induce regression of tumor growth when these preparations were injected intraregionally after tumor implantation . In contrast, although the water-soluble supernatant fractions of sonicated killed B . infantis did not exhibit tumor suppression , ef-f ective regression of established tumors followed intraregional injection of these fractions. The immunological adjuvant effects of B . infantis or its components were also studied. These bacterial preparations potentiated both tumor tra nsplantation i mmunity and the delayed-type hypersensitivity response against sheep erythrocytes in mice.

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“…Multiple injections of this substance dissolved in mineral oil or plant oil showed lethal toxicity to mice, and its mechanism of action in mice was examined in detail by Kato [14 Bekierkunst et al [4] also reported that the cord factor injected into the footpads of mice stimulated formation of antibody to sheep erythrocytes subsequently injected into the same sites. Recently, however, we [1] have demonstrated that the cord factor fraction prepared by the original method of Noll et al [16] by using repeated column chromatography on silicic acid is composed of free mycolic acid, nonpolar lipids, and in some cases, peptidoglycolipid, in addition to trehalose-mycolate (active principle of the cord factor), and have established a method for purification of a chromatographically-pure trehalose-mycolate designated as P3 from the so-called wax D or cord factor fraction of Mycobacterium [1]. Both Saito et al [18] and Granger et al [8], have clearly shown the adjuvant activity of P3 (trehalose-mycolate) prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Aoyama B in immune response to protein antigen and sheep erythrocytes in mice and guinea pigs.…”

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