Biologically Inspired, Strong, Transparent, and Functional Layered Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Films

Yao, Hong‐Bin; Fang, Hanqing; Tan, Zhihua; Wu, Liheng; Yu, Shu‐Hong

doi:10.1002/anie.200906920

Cited by 186 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Their excellent intrinsic conductivity, in combination with their reactive and hydrophilic surfaces, also renders them attractive as fillers in a number of polymers. Furthermore, their atomic-scale thicknesses should, in principle, allow for the fabrication of nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties, which are conductive-a combination not offered by other hydrophilic additives with functionalized surfaces, such as clays (23)(24)(25)(26), layered double hydroxides (27,28), or graphene oxide (29)(30)(31), all of which are insulating. However, there have been no reports in the literature on MXene-based composites so far.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance

Ling

Ren

Zhao

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,937

1,273

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

MXenes, a new family of 2D materials, combine hydrophilic surfaces with metallic conductivity. Delamination of MXene produces single-layer nanosheets with thickness of about a nanometer and lateral size of the order of micrometers. The high aspect ratio of delaminated MXene renders it promising nanofiller in multifunctional polymer nanocomposites. Herein, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene was mixed with either a charged polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) or an electrically neutral polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to produce Ti 3 C 2 T x / polymer composites. The as-fabricated composites are flexible and have electrical conductivities as high as 2.2 × 10 4 S/m in the case of the Ti 3 C 2 T x /PVA composite film and 2.4 × 10 5 S/m for pure Ti 3 C 2 T x films. The tensile strength of the Ti 3 C 2 T x /PVA composites was significantly enhanced compared with pure Ti 3 C 2 T x or PVA films. The intercalation and confinement of the polymer between the MXene flakes not only increased flexibility but also enhanced cationic intercalation, offering an impressive volumetric capacitance of ∼530 F/cm 3 for MXene/PVA-KOH composite film at 2 mV/s. To our knowledge, this study is a first, but crucial, step in exploring the potential of using MXenes in polymer-based multifunctional nanocomposites for a host of applications, such as structural components, energy storage devices, wearable electronics, electrochemical actuators, and radiofrequency shielding, to name a few.he history of exfoliated, or delaminated, nanosheets (2D materials) dates back to the 1950s (1); however, few of the produced nanosheets are conductive. In recent years, 2D materials have been receiving increased attention, with graphene as the star material owing to its excellent electric, mechanical, and other properties (2-5). In 2011, our group reported on a new family of 2D early transition metal carbides, which combined metallic conductivity and hydrophilic surfaces (6). This novel 2D family was labeled MXenes to denote that they are produced by etching out the A layers from the layered M n+1 AX n phases (6-8) and their similarity to graphene (7).In the M n+1 AX n , or MAX, phases, "M" is an early transition metal, "A" is a group A (mainly groups 13-16) element, "X" is carbon and/or nitrogen, and n = 1, 2, or 3 (9). So far, the MXene family includes Ti 3 C 2 , Ti 2 C, (Ti 0.5, Nb 0.5 ) 2 C, (V 0.5 ,Cr 0.5 ) 3 C 2 , Ti 3 CN, Ta 4 C 3 (10), Nb 2 C, V 2 C (8), and Nb 4 C 3 (11). Because there are over 70 known MAX phases (9), many more MXenes can be expected. It is important to note here that MXene surfaces are terminated by O, OH, and/or F groups from the etching process. Henceforth, these terminated MXenes will be referred to as M n+1 X n T x , where T represents terminating groups (O, OH, and/or F) and x is the number of terminating groups.If they are not delaminated, MXenes are multilayered structures resembling those of exfoliated graphite, which have shown promising performance as electrodes in both lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors, as well as adsorbents for hea...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance

Ling

Ren

Zhao

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,937

1,273

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, this is a major scientific and technological challenge as precise nanostructuration at such biomimetic compositions with high fractions of reinforcements is hard to combine with large-scale processing methods. Various efforts have been undertaken to mimic the layered hard/soft composite structure of nacre 9 via for example, several sequential approaches, such as LbL [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and other multilayer deposition strategies 19,20 , ice-templating and sintering of ceramics [21][22][23] , spray coating 24,25 , glow discharge plasma deposition 26 , uncontrolled co-casting of polymer/clay mixtures 27,28 , or processes at interfaces 29,30 . Unfortunately, many of these approaches are limited to a very small scale, and remain technologically infeasible owing to energy-intensive and laborious multistep procedures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nacre-mimetics with synthetic nanoclays up to ultrahigh aspect ratios

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nacre-mimetics hold great promise as mechanical high-performance and functional materials. Here we demonstrate large progress of mechanical and functional properties of self-assembled polymer/nanoclay nacre-mimetics by using synthetic nanoclays with aspect ratios covering three orders in magnitude (25-3,500). We establish comprehensive relationships among structure formation, nanostructuration, deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties as a function of nanoclay aspect ratio, and by tuning the viscoelastic properties of the soft phase via hydration. Highly ordered, large-scale nacre-mimetics are obtained even for low aspect ratio nanoplatelets and show pronounced inelastic deformation with very high toughness, while those formed by ultralarge nanoplatelets exhibit superb stiffness and strength, previously only reachable for highly crosslinked materials. Regarding functionalities, we report formerly impossible glass-like transparency, and excellent gas barrier considerably exceeding earlier nacre-mimetics based on natural nanoclay. Our study enables rational design of future high-performance nacre-mimetic materials and opens avenues for ecofriendly, transparent, self-standing and strong advanced barrier materials.

show abstract

“…There is current interest in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as advanced materials due to their reported unique and advantageous properties in a range of industrial sectors such as electronics [1], biosensors [2], energy storage and reinforced composites [3]. CNTs are cylindrical hollow tubes composed of carbon with nano-sized diameters (0.1-100 nm) and long length (>100m).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis–catalysis of waste plastic using a nickel–stainless-steel mesh catalyst for high-value carbon products

Zhang

Nahil

et al. 2017

Environmental Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A stainless-steel mesh loaded with nickel catalyst was produced and used for the pyrolysis-catalysis of waste high-density polyethylene with the aim of producing high-value carbon products, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The catalysis temperature and plastic-to-catalyst ratio were investigated to determine the influence on the formation of different types of carbon deposited on the nickel-stainless-steel mesh catalyst. Increasing temperature from 700 to 900°C resulted in an increase in the carbon deposited on the nickel-loaded stainless-steel mesh catalyst from 32.5 to 38.0 wt%. The increase in sample-to-catalyst ratio reduced the amount of carbon deposited on the mesh catalyst in terms of g carbon g −1 plastic. The carbons were found to be largely composed of filamentous carbons, with negligible disordered (amorphous) carbons. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the filamentous carbons revealed them to be composed of a large proportion (estimated at ∼40%) multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The optimum process conditions for CNT production, in terms of yield and graphitic nature, determined by Raman spectroscopy, was catalysis temperature of 800°C and plastic-to-catalyst ratio of 1:2, where a mass of 334 mg of filamentous/MWCNTs g −1 plastic was produced.ARTICLE HISTORY

show abstract

Biologically Inspired, Strong, Transparent, and Functional Layered Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Films

Cited by 186 publications

References 37 publications

Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance

Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance

Nacre-mimetics with synthetic nanoclays up to ultrahigh aspect ratios

Pyrolysis–catalysis of waste plastic using a nickel–stainless-steel mesh catalyst for high-value carbon products

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About