Biologische Testverfahren

Bakterielle Biotestverfahren zur Bestimmung der Toxizität von Abfällen

“…Biotestverfahren k6nnen gerade in diesem Bereich eine wichtige Liicke in der chemischen Analytik schliegen, indem sic integral die Toxizit~it einer zu analysierenden Probe erfassen und so wichtige Informationen fiir ein risk assessment liefern k6nnen. Daher sind biologische Testverfahren neben der klassischen chemischen Analytik ein essentieller Bestandteil der Umweltanalytik geworden und haben auch Eingang in gesetzliche Vorgaben gefunden (KNIE, 1989;NUSCH, 1993).…”

Direct determination of metal concentrations in freshwater algae by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

“…In practice, inductively from different sources, and their effects on the quality of the environment, also on aquatic life-from cellular to ecosystem coupled plasma atomic emission-,17 and mass spectrometry10 and also total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry levels-are well known and have been widely investigated. [1][2][3][4] Research published on the effects of pollutants on water ( TXRF ) 22-24 have been successfully used. These methods have generally been applied to the analysis of periphyton samples organisms has covered the testing of many different species, as applicable organisms for alternative methods in aquatic previously digested with nitric acid,3,15-18 nitric acid-sulfuric or perchloric acid14 and also nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide biomonitoring and toxicology.4-9 These test organisms vary from aquatic animals: bacteria (bacterial bioluminescence mixtures.9,24,25 Pettersson and co-workers25-27 have developed a direct assays), Daphnia species (Daphnia magna), mussels, fish cells and fishes to plants; and among the most recent from hyacinths TXRF method for the investigation of periphyton communities.…”