Biology

Despommier, Dickson D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3578-8_3

Cited by 74 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Infection begins when L 1 invade epithelial cells lining the small intestine, where they molt four times to become adult worms (35). Adult worms in this epithelial syncytium mate, and the females release NBL, which enter the bloodstream and subsequently establish a chronic muscle infection.…”

Section: Immunity Induced By IV Infection Is Indistinguishable Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Expulsion of Secondary Trichinella spiralis Infection in Rats Occurs Independently of Mucosal Mast Cell Release of Mast Cell Protease II

Blum

Thrasher

Gagliardo

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

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Our aim was to elucidate the contribution of mucosal mast cells to the effector phase of a secondary immune response to Trichinella spiralis. During secondary infection, rats expel 90–99% of T. spiralis first-stage larvae from the intestine in a matter of hours. This phenomenon appears to be unique to rats and has been called rapid expulsion. Primary intestinal infection by T. spiralis induces mastocytosis, and mast cell degranulation occurs when challenged rats exhibit rapid expulsion. These observations have engendered the view that mast cells mediate rapid expulsion. In this study, we report that. immunization of adult Albino Oxford rats by an infection limited to the muscle phase did not induce intestinal mastocytosis, yet such rats exhibited rapid expulsion when challenged orally. Although mastocytosis was absent, the protease unique to mucosal mast cells, rat mast cell protease II (RMCPII), was detected in sera at the time of expulsion. We further evaluated mast cell activity in neonatal rats that display rapid expulsion. Pups born to infected dams displayed rapid expulsion, and RMCPII was detected in their sera. By feeding pups parasite-specific mAbs or polyclonal Abs before challenge infection, it was possible to dissociate mast cell degranulation from parasite expulsion. These results indicate that rapid expulsion can occur in the absence of either intestinal mastocytosis or RMCPII release. Furthermore, release of RMCPII is not sufficient to cause expulsion. The data argue against a role for mast cells in the mechanism underlying the effector phase of protective immunity against T. spiralis in rats.

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Section: Immunity Induced By IV Infection Is Indistinguishable Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Expulsion of Secondary Trichinella spiralis Infection in Rats Occurs Independently of Mucosal Mast Cell Release of Mast Cell Protease II

Blum

Thrasher

Gagliardo

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

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“…It is possible that these different activities shown between crude extracts of 3-and 6-day-old adults were due to the presence or absence of newborn larvae with their proteases, in the uterus, because it is known that at 5 days p.i. every Trichinella female contains fertilised eggs (Despommier 1983, Soulé 1991. Finally, digestion of immunoglobulin G was only detected by ESP of 3-day-old adults and newborn crude extracts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The muscle-stage larva (L 1 ) is the infective larva that penetrates into the enterocytes to undergo the moulting processes (L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and adults) (Despommier 1983, Soulé 1991. The cleavage of collagen (one of the major intestinal structural proteins) at acid pH by ESP muscle larvae could indicate that the parasite secretes proteases at this time to facilitate its intestinal establishment, as occurs in other intestinal nematodes .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have determined the proteolytic activity of the muscle-stage larvae (L 1 , 40 days old), adult worms before and after mating (3 or 6 days old, the latter containing the newborn larvae) and newborn larvae (24 h old). The proteolytic activity of L 2 , L 3 and L 4 was not analysed because it is impossible to obtain all the worms in the same developmental time (Despommier 1983, Soulé 1991. The results obtained in this study are reflected in Table 1, showing the presence or absence of the proteolytic activity in the different samples assayed with several substrates, as well as the optimal pH conditions for these activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All its developmental stages are found in the same host but showing different localisation, intestinal and parenteral (Despommier 1983, Soulé 1991. Up to date, no relationship between proteolytic activity and development of this parasite has been established.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of proteases throughout the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis

Ros-Moreno¹,

Vázquez-López²,

Giménez-Pardo³

et al. 2000

FOLIA PARASIT

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Abstract. In the present report we study the proteolytic activity of the excretion-secretion and crude extracts of different stages of Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835) Railliet, 1895, (muscle-stage larvae, adult worms before and after mating, and newborn larvae) using natural substrates (structural and hematic mammalian proteins). The analysis of the results allow us to set up a certain stage-specificity, as well as an important relationship between the protease patterns throughout the parasite life cycle and how the parasite may overcome both mechanical and humoral barriers within the host. Muscle-stage larvae present a great activity against structural proteins (collagen), while newborn larvae and adult worms degrade principally hematic proteins (hemoglobin, fibrinogen and immunoglobulin G).

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Trichinella

Despommier

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Biology

Cited by 74 publications

References 122 publications

Expulsion of Secondary Trichinella spiralis Infection in Rats Occurs Independently of Mucosal Mast Cell Release of Mast Cell Protease II

Expulsion of Secondary Trichinella spiralis Infection in Rats Occurs Independently of Mucosal Mast Cell Release of Mast Cell Protease II

A study of proteases throughout the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis

Trichinella

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