Biology and Control of Trogoderma granarium Everts1

Post-fumigation productivity ofTrogoderma granariumEverts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

“…After phosphine, ethylene dibromide was the most toxic fumigant to the larvae of T. granarium as reported by other workers (Lindgren & Vincent, 1959;Punj & Girish, 1969). Punj (1970) noted that methyl bromide was more toxic than ethylene dibromide to the full grown (age not given) larvae based on mortality counts on the seventh day following fumigation.…”

Studies on the Dermestid beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts. VI.—Factors inducing diapause

“…In experiments by Lindgren & Vincent (1959), some larvae that were bred singly on cracked wheat entered diapause over a range of temperature extending above 30°C. This is surprising in view of the results of the control cultures in Table III and those of Hadaway (1956) using ground malt, also because significant accumulation of faecal pellets would not be expected.…”

“…Both low and high humidities are slightly unfavourable to the development of non-diapause larvae ( fig. 2; Table I; Hadaway, 1956;Lindgren & Vincent, 1959). The very dry condition of malt probably increases the proportion of diapause larvae in malt stores (fig.…”

“…Weight would be added to this possibility if it were known whether slightly unfavourable food materials could cause the diapause. Many workers have studied different foods, but unfortunately they have given insufficient information: either they have given information only about the first few larvae that pupated (Sharifi, 1956(Sharifi, , 1958Lindgren & Vincent, 1959); or they have not distinguished between uniform slow development of the larvae (non-diapause) and arrested development of the mature larvae (diapause) (Sharifi, 1956(Sharifi, , 1958Noon, 1958); or they have not used the critical conditions that show up differences in the frequency of diapause (Noon, 1958;Singh & Pant, 1955) (see next section). It has already been explained that more diapause larvae occur on malted barley than on wheat, apparently due to the intensification of crowding by the restriction of larvae to a few malt grains, which is probably a result of the protection afforded to the grains by the hard husks.…”

Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin

“…Furthermore, the leftover grain (when the storage facilities are emptied) remains permanently in the cracks and crevices of these facilities, providing a long-term food source for the beetle (EPPO, 2005;French & Venette, 2005;Harris, 2006;Anonymous, 2008). Since Khapra beetle individuals settled in the crevices and cracks do not come in contact with the insecticides applied, sustainable control and eradication becomes impractical and expensive (Lindgren & Vincent, 1959;Ahmad, 1994;Harris, 2006;Saidana et al, 2010;Singh et al, 2017). Moreover, ensuring sufficient gas tightness in reinforced concrete and basic plasterless storage facilities is difficult; the desired level of fumigation success cannot be achieved in such storage types.…”