Biology and integrated management of wheat stem sawfly and the need for continuing research

Beres, Brian L.; Dosdall, Lloyd M.; Weaver, David K.; Cárcamo, H. A.; Spaner, Dean

doi:10.4039/n10-056

Cited by 93 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(158 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

156

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, regions such as northeastern Colorado, southern Wyoming, and western Nebraska are now experiencing moderate to severe WSS infestations. A comprehensive review of sawfly biology and management was published by Beres et al (2011). Briefly, adult sawflies emerge in mid-to late-spring from the previous year's host, which is usually a wheat field, and invade surrounding fields planted to wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Wheat Stem Sawfly Cutting in Solid-Stemmed Wheat Cultivars

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), is a major pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the northern Great Plains of North America. The use of solid-stemmed cultivars helps mitigate crop losses and can also affect the survivorship of C. cinctus. The efficacy of a plant's resistance is based on its ability to develop pith in the culm of the stem, which is influenced greatly by interactions between the genotype and environment. Precipitation-related weather interacts with photoperiod to reduce pith expression in solid-stemmed wheat. A model that predicts pith expression could serve as a management tool to prevent losses by alerting producers if in-season precipitation patterns have caused less than ideal pith expression in a cultivar. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models are used to make predictions for complex, non-linear systems with many co-related variables. Our objective was to improve upon past models that used regression analyses by deploying an ANN model to predict in-season stem cutting of wheat by wheat stem sawfly. Results indicate that stem cutting is influenced by the precipitation within a 5 wk period from 1 June to 5 July. These results were successfully deployed in a model that should assist with predictions of potential late season stem cutting. Deployment of this ANN model as a transferable executable file may facilitate predictions of stem cutting by wheat stem sawfly in any given year, which will empower producers to implement the appropriate harvest management strategies to reduce losses.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., host plant, bread wheat, solid-stemmed, sawfly, Cephus cinctus.Résumé : Dans le nord des grandes plaines nord-américaines, le cèphe du blé, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), est un important ravageur du blé (Triticum aestivum L.). L'usage de cultivars à tige pleine concourt à atténuer les pertes et peut affecter la capacité de survie de l'insecte. La plante résiste dans la mesure où elle réussit à produire de la moelle dans la tige, propriété qui subit considérablement l'influence des interactions entre le génotype et l'environnement. Un temps pluvieux modifiera la photopériode, ce qui réduira la synthèse de moelle chez les variétés à tige pleine. Un modèle qui prévoirait la production de moelle aurait son utilité en agronomie, car on pourrait alors éviter des pertes en signalant aux cultivateurs si les précipitations saisonnières engendrent une production insuffisante de moelle chez tel ou tel cultivar. On se sert des modèles à réseau neuronal artificiel (RNA) pour formuler des prévisions sur les systèmes complexes, non linéaires, comportant de nombreuses variables apparentées. Les auteurs voulaient améliorer les anciens modèles de prévision reposant sur l'analyse par régression en recourant à un modèle RNA pour établir l'importance des dommages causés par le cèphe au blé durant la période végétative. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que ces dommages sont influencés For personal use only.par l'intensité des précipitati...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Wheat Stem Sawfly Cutting in Solid-Stemmed Wheat Cultivars

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…C. cinctus is the most important pest of wheat in the northern Great Plains (Morrill and Kushnak, 1996;Shanower and Waters, 2006), with economic losses estimated at 250-350 million USD per year (Beres et al, 2011b;Fulbright et al, 2011). Damage to wheat occurs because larvae feed by mining internally within the stem and cause stem lodging when feeding is complete and the larva prepares for overwintering and diapause by girdling (cutting) the stem base to form a protected chamber near the soil surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased area of a highly suitable host crop increases herbivore pressure in intensified agricultural landscapes

Rand

Waters

Blodgett

et al. 2014

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Landscape simplification associated with agricultural intensification has important effects on economically important arthropods. The declining cover of natural and semi-natural habitats, in particular, has been shown to reduce natural-enemy attack of crop pests, but also in some cases reduced crop colonization by such pests. In this study, we examined the influence of changes in two elements of landscape composition, natural grassland cover and cover of a highly suitable crop host, on infestation by a generalist insect pest in wheat, and parasitism of this pest by its dominant natural enemies. Surprisingly, we found no significant influences of increasing natural grassland habitat, at either local or landscape scales, on infestation by the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, or parasitism of this pest by the native parasitoid wasps, Bracon cephiand Bracon lissogaster. In contrast, we found significant increases in levels of C. cinctus infestation with increasing wheat cover at the landscape scale. This pattern was consistent across six study regions spanning three states in the northern Great Plains of North America, despite large differences in cropping systems and pest population densities across regions. Regional variation in pest infestation was best explained by long-term averages in precipitation, with higher C. cinctus infestation rates found in drier regions. Results suggest that landscape-mediated variation in pest pressure in this system is better explained by a direct response of pest insects to increasing cover of a highly suitable crop rather than an indirect response via reductions in natural enemies as natural habitat declines. The implication is that habitat diversification at the landscape scale could play a role in suppressing agricultural pest populations via reductions in area of suitable crop hosts. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. b s t r a c tLandscape simplification associated with agricultural intensification has important effects on economically important arthropods. The declining cover of natural and semi-natural habitats, in particular, has been shown to reduce natural-enemy attack of crop pests, but also in some cases reduced crop colonization by such pests. In this study, we examined the influence of changes in two elements of landscape composition, natural grassland cover and cover of a highly suitable crop host, on infestation by a generalist insect pest in wheat, and parasitism of this pest by its dominant natural enemies. Surprisingly, we found no significant influences of increasing natural grassland habitat, at either local or landscape scales, on infestation by the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, or parasitism of this pest by the native parasitoid wasps, Bracon cephi and Bracon lissogaster. In contrast, we found significant increases in levels of C. cinctus infestation with increasing wheat cover at the landscape scale. Thi...

show abstract

“…Specialist arthropods with high host fidelity and low dispersal abilities are most affected (Flint and Roberts 1988). On the Canadian Prairies, the native cereal pest, wheat stem sawfly fits these criteria, and rotation away from wheat has been recommended and practiced for decades (Beres et al 2011). Also in western Canada, Dosdall et al (2012) compared canola (Brassica napus Linnaeus; Brassicacaea) yields and root maggot (Delia Robineau-Desvoidy; Diptera: Anthomyiidae) damage in 12 three-year rotations ranging from canola in only one year to canola in all three years at five locations and found that continuous canola cropping increased root maggot damage.…”

Section: Vegetation Structure: Crop Rotationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the agricultural transformation of the Canadian Prairies on grassland arthropods

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prairie grasslands have been transformed to become the primary source of agricultural production in Canada. Soon after its establishment, the Biological Survey of Canada recognised the urgent need to document the arthropods of the prairie grasslands, especially in the few pristine remnants. Although this initiative has yielded considerable progress in documenting the species present in the Prairies Ecozone, comprehensive ecological studies are sparse. Landscape effects on arthropods are well studied elsewhere, but no equivalent studies have been published for the Canadian Prairies. Crop rotation varies landscape composition annually, changes host plant resources in fields, and interacts with other agricultural inputs to disturb pest and beneficial arthropods. Despite only a handful of studies on grazing, there is an emerging pattern: moderate grazing increases arthropod diversity and benefits certain arthropod guilds. Abiotic inputs elicit variable responses from different arthropod taxa; Carabidae (Coleoptera) are best studied, with some information available for ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and aquatic arthropods. Biotic inputs include arthropods released for biocontrol of weed and insect pests; evidence indicates that biocontrol agents of insects have a greater potential for impact on native communities of arthropods. The studies reviewed here reveal important trends and research gaps to be addressed in the future.

show abstract

Biology and integrated management of wheat stem sawfly and the need for continuing research

Cited by 93 publications

References 95 publications

An Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Wheat Stem Sawfly Cutting in Solid-Stemmed Wheat Cultivars

An Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Wheat Stem Sawfly Cutting in Solid-Stemmed Wheat Cultivars

Increased area of a highly suitable host crop increases herbivore pressure in intensified agricultural landscapes

Impacts of the agricultural transformation of the Canadian Prairies on grassland arthropods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About