Biology of carpione, <i>Salmo carpio</i> L., an endemic species of Lake Garda (Italy)

Melotto, S.; Alessio, Gian Carlo

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1990.tb02533.x

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Furthermore, derived populations of the S. trutta lineages spawn in the littoral, sublittoral and profundal zones of lakes in diverse regions such as the Italian Peninsula, Caucasus, Balkans and Maghreb (e.g. Doadrio, Perea, & Yahyaoui, ; Melotto & Alessio, ; Savvaitova & Petr, ; Sell & Spirkovski, ).…”

Section: Interspecific Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Arostegui

Quinn

2019

Fish and Fisheries

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Salmonid fishes may reside within or migrate between stream and lake habitats, or undergo anadromous migrations between freshwater and the ocean. While the degree of anadromy of salmonids has been thoroughly compared, no analogous review has examined the degree of lake use. To assess the extent of reliance on lake habitat in this family, we considered 16 species of salmon, trout and charr from the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, comparing their (a) use of lakes as spawning habitat, (b) rearing strategies in lakes, and (c) occurrence and diversity of lacustrine trophic polymorphism. In identifying the primary life‐history patterns of each species and exploring the lesser‐known lacustrine behaviours, we found that the extent of reliance on lakes exhibits a negative association with the degree of anadromy. Oncorhynchus rely least on lakes, Salmo to an intermediate level and Salvelinus the most, opposite of the general prevalence of anadromy among these genera. Lakes are critical to adfluvial and lake‐resident salmonids, but they also support anadromous and fluvial life histories by providing spawning, rearing, overwintering and/or summer refuge habitat. Adfluviality, although a non‐anadromous life history, consists of similar migration‐related traits and behaviours as anadromy, including the parr–smolt transformation, sex‐biased patterns of migration and residency, and the presence of precocious males. Lakes support life‐history variants, reproductive ecotypes and trophic morphs unique to lacustrine habitat. Therefore, conservation of salmonids is dependent on maintaining the diversity and quality of their habitats, including lakes.

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Section: Interspecific Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequencies were determined qualitatively based on our assessment of the 350+ manuscripts read in the preparation of this review and paralleled the scoring system of Klemetsen (2013) Maghreb (e.g. Doadrio, Perea, & Yahyaoui, 2015;Melotto & Alessio, 1990;Savvaitova & Petr, 1999;Sell & Spirkovski, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Arostegui

Quinn

2019

Fish and Fisheries

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“…These introductions may have a major impact on local diversity, as they are carried out by organised fishing associations, which re-stock local populations of target species using non-native animals. The impoverishment of phenotypic and genetic diversity is a known consequence of these activities in European salmonids [6] , [7] , where local populations can represent divergent lineages, potential endemic taxa [8] , [9] . Actions should be taken to counteract extinction of endemic taxa and populations because of stocking with non-native individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Phenotypic Evidence of a New Species of Genus Esox (Esocidae, Esociformes, Actinopterygii): The Southern Pike, Esox flaviae

et al. 2011

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We address the taxonomic position of the southern European individuals of pike, performing a series of tests and comparisons from morphology, DNA taxonomy and population genetics parameters, in order to support the hypothesis that two species of pike, and not only one, exist in Europe. A strong relationship emerged between a northern genotype supported by COI, Cytb, AFLP and specific fragments, and a phenotype with round spot skin colour pattern and a large number of scales in the lateral line, clearly separated from a southern genotype with other skin colour pattern and a low number of scales in the lateral line. DNA taxonomy, based on a coalescent approach (GMYC) from phylogenetic reconstructions on COI and Cytb together with AFLP admixture analysis, supported the existence of two independently evolving entities. Such differences are not simply due to geographic distances, as northern European samples are more similar to Canadian and Chinese samples than the southern Europe ones. Thus, given that the differences between the two groups of European pike are significant at the phenotypic, genotypic and geographical levels, we propose the identification of two pike species: the already known northern pike (Esox lucius) and the southern pike (E. flaviae n.sp.). The correct identification of these two lineages as independent species should give rise to a ban on the introduction of northern pikes in southern Europe for recreational fishing, due to potential problems of hybridisation.

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“…carpio is supported by the phylogenomics study of Hashemzadeh Segherloo et al (2021). Analyses of mtDNA and nDNA sequences, together with microsatellite data, (Gratton et al, 2014; Meraner & Gandolfi, 2018) showed no evidence of population substructure within carpione in spite of the fact that there are two spawning periods, December to February, and July to August (Melotto & Alessio, 1990). In addition, no significant difference in the proportion of sibship relationships within and between these winter and summer spawning groups was observed and it would appear that individuals are plastic with respect to spawning time with possible biannual spawning (Meraner & Gandolfi, 2018).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Sympatric Eurasian Trout Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, no significant difference in the proportion of sibship relationships within and between these winter and summer spawning groups was observed and it would appear that individuals are plastic with respect to spawning time with possible biannual spawning (Meraner & Gandolfi, 2018). Their diet is mainly zooplankton (principally Bythotrephes longimanus ) in the summer with benthic crustaceans (Crustacea) and chironomid larvae in the winter (Melotto & Alessio, 1990).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Sympatric Eurasian Trout Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and conserving sympatric diversity in trout of the genus Salmo, with particular reference to Lough Melvin, Ireland

Ferguson

Prodöhl

2022

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Salmonid (Salmonidae) sympatric diversity is the co-occurrence, in a lake or river, of two or more reproductively isolated populations/subpopulations, or phenotypes resulting from phenotypic plasticity. Sympatric populations can arise through allopatric and/ or sympatric evolution. Subsequently, allopatric lineages can occur in sympatry due to independent colonisation and/or through anthropogenic introduction. Sympatric divergence is often driven by feeding opportunities, with populations segregating as planktivorous, benthivorous and piscivorous ecotypes ("trophic polymorphism"), and further segregation occurring by feeding depth and body size. Subpopulations evolve by natal homing where a water has two or more discrete spawning areas, often resulting in phenotypically and ecologically cryptic sympatry. Most known sympatric populations/phenotypes in trout of the genus Salmo (Eurasian trout aka brown trout) involve sympatric piscivorous (ferox) and lifetime invertivorous trout. Segregation on the benthic-limnetic axis has been poorly studied in Eurasian trout compared with other salmonids but is likely commoner than currently described. While three sympatric populations/species of Eurasian trout are recognised from Lake Ohrid (Albania/ North Macedonia), limited ecological information is available and there are only two lakes with three or four sympatric populations with described benthic, limnetic and piscivorous trophic segregation: Lough Melvin (Ireland) and Loch Laidon (Scotland), the latter having the only identified case of a sympatric profundal benthic feeding populations, possibly due to the absence of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in the lake.Many thousands of waters are yet to be examined. Some sympatric populations are extinct, and others are vulnerable with conservation action being urgently required. This should ideally be based on populations/conservation units, but the lack of recognition of intraspecific units in most legislations in the native Eurasian trout range necessitates a pragmatic approach, with species classification, where appropriate, based on integrative taxonomy. Some sympatric populations clearly merit species status and should be formally classified as such if a valid previous name is not available.

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Biology of carpione, Salmo carpio L., an endemic species of Lake Garda (Italy)

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Molecular and Phenotypic Evidence of a New Species of Genus Esox (Esocidae, Esociformes, Actinopterygii): The Southern Pike, Esox flaviae

Identifying and conserving sympatric diversity in trout of the genus Salmo, with particular reference to Lough Melvin, Ireland

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