Biology of human respiratory syncytial virus: a review

Aliyu, A; Ahmad, Abdurrahman Elfulaty; Rogo, Lawal Dahiru; Sale, L; Idris, Halima

doi:10.4314/bajopas.v3i1.58753

Cited by 1 publication

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References 60 publications

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“…RSV typically causes its primary infection at the point of entry: apical ciliated epithelial cells that line the nasal cavity and airways ( 2 , 3 ). Primary infections are usually symptomatic, with clinical signs ranging from mild upper respiratory tract illness to severe lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and bronchiolitis ( 4 ). In addition to the acute consequences of infection, the development of long-term recurrent wheezing and asthma has been associated with severe RSV infections in infancy ( 5 , 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and Characterization of ALX-0171, a Potent Novel Therapeutic Nanobody for the Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Detalle

Stöhr

Palomo

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

241

197

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important causative agent of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and elderly individuals. Its fusion (F) protein is critical for virus infection. It is targeted by several investigational antivirals and by palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody used prophylactically in infants considered at high risk of severe RSV disease. ALX-0171 is a trimeric Nanobody that binds the antigenic site II of RSV F protein with subnanomolar affinity. ALX-0171 demonstrated in vitro neutralization superior to that of palivizumab against prototypic RSV subtype A and B strains. Moreover, ALX-0171 completely blocked replication to below the limit of detection for 87% of the viruses tested, whereas palivizumab did so for 18% of the viruses tested at a fixed concentration. Importantly, ALX-0171 was highly effective in reducing both nasal and lung RSV titers when delivered prophylactically or therapeutically directly to the lungs of cotton rats. ALX-0171 represents a potent novel antiviral compound with significant potential to treat RSV-mediated disease.

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