Biology of<i>Chrysodeixis eriosoma</i>(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in New Zealand

Roberts, L. I. N.

doi:10.1080/00779962.1979.9722331

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This gene encodes for an iso-inhibitor with predominantly chymotrypsin, rather than trypsin, inhibitory activity (McManus et al, 1990). Although H. virescens and M. sexta have not been recorded in New Zealand, one important pest of solanaceous species, Chrysodeixis eriosoma, is prevalent (Roberts, 1979). This paper reports results from feeding trials to evaluate the use of a chymotrypsin inhibitor as an effective defensive agent against C. eriosoma, and also against two closely related plusiine noctuids, Spodoptera litura and Thysanoplusia orichalcea (Hill et al, 1987;Hill, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Accumulation of a chymotrypsin inhibitor in transgenic tobacco can affect the growth of insect pests

McManus

White

McGregor

1994

Transgenic Research

128

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A member of the potato proteinase inhibitor II (PPI II) gene family that encodes for a chymotrypsin iso-inhibitor has been introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated T-DNA transfer. Analysis of the primary transgenic plants (designated R0) confirmed that the introduced gene is being expressed and the inhibitor accumulates as an intact and fully functional protein. For insect feeding trials, progeny from the self-fertilization of R 0 plants (designated R1) were used. Leaf tissue, either from transgenic or from control (non-transgenic) plants, was fed to larvae of Chrysodeixis eriosoma (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, green looper), Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Thysanoplusia orichalcea (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and insect weight gain (increase in fresh weight) measured. Consistently, C. eriosoma larvae fed leaf tissue from transgenic plants expressing the PPI II gene grew slower than insects fed leaf tissue from non-transgenic plants or transgenic plants with no detectable PPI II protein accumulation. However, larvae of both S. litura and T. orichalcea consistently demonstrated similar or faster growth when fed leaf tissue from transgenic plants compared with those fed non-transgenic plants. In agreement with the feeding trials, the chymotrypsin iso-inhibitor extracted from transgenic tobacco effectively retarded chymotrypsin-like activity measured in C. eriosoma digestive tract extracts, but not in extracts from S. litura. We conclude, therefore, that for certain insects the use of chymotrypsin inhibitors should now be evaluated as an effective strategy to provide field resistance against insect pests in transgenic plants, but further, that a single proteinase inhibitor gene may not be universally effective against a range of insect pests. The significance of these observations is discussed with respect to the inclusion of chymotrypsin inhibitors in the composite of insect pest resistance factors that have been proposed for introduction into crop plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Accumulation of a chymotrypsin inhibitor in transgenic tobacco can affect the growth of insect pests

McManus

White

McGregor

1994

Transgenic Research

128

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“…These population levels were similar to the peak larval densities found for both species in 1985 (Hill et al 1987), demonstrating that population densities of T. orichalcea have been maintained following its introduction, and showing that this species has added significantly to the density of defoliating larvae in lucerne. Prior sampling in lucerne (Roberts 1979; P. J. Cameron unpubl. data) confirmed that C. eriosoma was present but uncommon in this crop before the arrival of T. orichalcea.…”

Section: Comparisons Over Time Lucernementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before 1984, apart from two regularly occurring immigrant species Chrysodeixis argentifera (Guenée) and Ctenoplusia albostriata (Bremer & Grey), C. eriosoma was the only plusiine caterpillar recorded in New Zealand (Dugdale 1988). C. eriosoma occurs on a wide range of plants in New Zealand (Roberts 1979), but quantitative estimates of larval populations have been restricted to vegetable brassicas (Beck 1991), lucerne (P. J. Cameron unpubl. data;Hill et al 1987), and soybeans (Cameron et al 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of a newly established immigrant, soybean looperThysanoplusia orichalceaand the indigenous green looperChrysodeixis eriosoma(Plusiinae: Noctuidae) in New Zealand

Cameron¹,

Walker

Winkler

et al. 2008

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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Soybean looper Thysanoplusia orichalcea (Plusiinae: Noctuidae) moths were first intercepted in New Zealand in 1984 by light trapping that was being used as a surveillance tool for new lepidopteran pests; in particular, noctuid species from Australia. This prompted studies on larval infestations to separate the impact of T. orichalcea caterpillars from that of the closely related indigenous green looper, Chrysodeixis eriosoma. Subsequent studies described here show that the establishment phase took place over c. 3 years and that, rather than replacing the resident green looper, soybean looper added to the population density of plusiine caterpillars in several field crops, especially lucerne, parsley, soybeans, brassicas, and lettuce.

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“…Whether or not C. bicolorus is confined to the Auckland area has not yet been established. Chrysodeixis eriosoma has a fairly wide distribution in New Zealand, reaching as far south as Christchurch (Roberts, 1979).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. chalcitesleriosoma is polyphagous, feeding mainly on Solanaceae and Compositae. It occurs on a wide variety of garden and crop plants and is a serious horticultural pest (Roberts, 1979).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%