Biology of the Syndecans: A Family of Transmembrane Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

Bernfield, Merton; Kokenyesi, Robert; Kato, Masato; Hinkes, Michael T.; Spring, Jürg; Gallo, Richard L.; Lose, Edward J.

doi:10.1146/annurev.cb.08.110192.002053

Cited by 1,036 publications

(767 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…cDNAs coding for four distinct but homologous syndecan core proteins have been cloned from vertebrate cells [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. A proposal for a common nomenclature designates the syndecans numerically, based on the order of cloning of their cDNAs [13]. This convention will be followed in this review.…”

Section: Syndecan Core Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syndecans: multifunctional cell-surface co-receptors

Carey

1997

Biochemical Journal

621

497

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This review will summarize our current state of knowledge of the structure, biochemical properties and functions of syndecans, a family of transmembrane heparan sulphate proteoglycans. Syndecans bind a variety of extracellular ligands via their covalently attached heparan sulphate chains. Syndecans have been proposed to play a role in a variety of cellular functions, including cell proliferation and cell–matrix and cell–cell adhesion. Syndecan expression is highly regulated and is cell-type- and developmental-stage-specific. The main function of syndecans appears to be to modulate the ligand-dependent activation of primary signalling receptors at the cell surface. Principal functions of the syndecan core proteins are to target the heparan sulphate chains to the appropriate plasma-membrane compartment and to interact with components of the actin-based cytoskeleton. Several functions of the syndecans, including syndecan oligomerization and actin cytoskeleton association, have been localized to specific structural domains of syndecan core proteins.

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Section: Syndecan Core Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syndecans: multifunctional cell-surface co-receptors

Carey

1997

Biochemical Journal

621

497

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“…They are involved in cellÐcell adhesion and the interaction of cells with ECM (Ruoslahti, 1989). They are also thought to act as coreceptors for the heparin-binding growth factors (HBGFs), thus participating in regulation of cell behaviour (reviewed by Bernfield et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Syndecan-1 is a member of a family of cell-surface HSPGs, which consists of at least four members named syndecans 1 to 4 (Bernfield et al, 1992;Jalkanen et al, 1993). They all have homologous transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, but their extracellular domains are different (Bernfield et al, 1992;Jalkanen et al, 1983).…”

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confidence: 99%

Syndecan-1 expression has prognostic significance in head and neck carcinoma

et al. 1999

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SummaryThe syndecans are a family of cell-surface heparan sulphate proteoglycans that regulate cell behaviour by binding extracellular matrix molecules such as growth factors. The syndecan family has four members, of which syndecan-1 is the most studied and best characterized. We have studied the prognostic significance of syndecan-1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck treated with surgery and post-operative radiotherapy. Paraffin-embedded tissue samples taken from 175 patients with primary SCC, followed up from 2 to 15 years after surgery, were studied for expression of syndecan-1 by immunohistochemistry. A low number (≤50%, the median value) of syndecan-1-positive tumour cells was associated with low histological grade of differentiation (P < 0.0001), a large primary tumour size (T1-2 vs T3-4, P = 0.02), positive nodal status (N0 vs N1-3, P = 0.0006), and high clinical stage (stage I or II vs III or IV, P < 0.0001). Low syndecan-1 expression was also associated with unfavourable overall survival in a univariate analysis (P = 0.001). In a multivariate survival analysis, the clinical stage and syndecan-1 expression were the only independent prognostic factors. We conclude that syndecan-1 is a novel prognostic factor in SCC of the head and neck treated with surgery and post-operative radiotherapy.

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“…There are four syndecans (syndecans-1-4) and five glypicans, the latter being linked to the cell membrane by a glycosylphosphatidyl inositol anchor [17,18]. Most cells and tissues express at least one syndecan family member ; most express multiple syndecans [19] with characteristic expression patterns in individual cell types and tissues, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of proteoglycan core proteins in human bone marrow stroma

Schofield

Gallagher

Gourichon

1999

Biochemical Journal

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Heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs) present on the surface of bone marrow stromal cells and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) have important roles in the control of adhesion and growth of haemopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The two main groups of proteoglycans which contain heparan sulphate chains are members of the syndecan and glypican families. In this study we have identified the main surface membrane and matrixassociated HSPGs present in normal human bone marrow stroma formed in long-term culture. Proteoglycans were extracted from the adherent stromal layers and treated with heparitinase and chondroitinase ABC. The core proteins were detected by Western blotting using antibodies directed against syndecans-1-4, glypican-1 and the ECM HSPG, perlecan. Stromal cell expression at the RNA level was detected by Northern blotting and by reverse transcription PCR. Glypican-1, syndecan-3 and syn-

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Biology of the Syndecans: A Family of Transmembrane Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

Cited by 1,036 publications

References 75 publications

Syndecans: multifunctional cell-surface co-receptors

Syndecans: multifunctional cell-surface co-receptors

Syndecan-1 expression has prognostic significance in head and neck carcinoma

Expression of proteoglycan core proteins in human bone marrow stroma

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