Biology, status and management of rice insect pests in Nigeria

Umeh, Ethel Doris N.; Joshi, R. C.; Ukwungwu, M. N.

doi:10.1016/0261-2194(92)90022-w

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These results are consistent with findings from other studies which indicate that if a rice-growing area comprises a mixture of farms sown at different times, there will be many oviposition periods, leading to overlapping generations (Umeh et al, 1992). Litsinger et al (2009) reported that insect pest damage particularly from stem borers was greater in areas where farmers staggered their planting up to 3 months apart and used a set of varieties that matured in 140-210 days than where farmers planted rice within 1 month, used 120-d varieties and planted at the start of rainy season.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Influence of Cropping and Irrigation Systems on Population Fluctuation of the African White Rice Stem Borer (Maliarpha separatella Rag) and Damage on Rice

Kega¹,

Nderitu²,

Kasina³

et al. 2015

J. of Entomology

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Information on the population fluctuation of African white rice stem borer (Maliarpha separatella Ragonot), which is a major rice pest in Kenya, is not known. Availability of such information can assist in the development of an integrated management strategy for the pest. Therefore, a study was conducted at Mwea irrigation scheme in Central Kenya, to investigate the influence of irrigation water provision and cropping systems on population of M. separatella. Farmer fields in different parts of the scheme were sampled every fortnight. The farms represented three irrigation water provision schedules and three cropping systems regimes. The irrigation water provision schedules were, System of Rice Intensification (SRI), flood irrigated (conventional method) and sporadic irrigation. The cropping systems were main season crop (conventional method), double crop and ratoon. Water provision schedules were treated as main plots, while cropping systems were the sub plots. Results showed that the highest percentage of white heads (13.66) occurred in areas, where rice was double-cropped and where, there was sporadic water provision (9.70). There were no significant differences in the number of white heads (empty panicles) between the on-season (6.37) and ratoon (4.25) cropping system. There were also no differences between flood (4.42) and System for rice intensification (5.48) methods of irrigation. This study demonstrates that irrigation methods and cropping systems greatly influence fluctuation of M. separatella infestation and suggests that in case of double cropping it will be necessary to control the stem borer and efforts should be made to ensure that farmers synchronize planting dates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Influence of Cropping and Irrigation Systems on Population Fluctuation of the African White Rice Stem Borer (Maliarpha separatella Rag) and Damage on Rice

Kega¹,

Nderitu²,

Kasina³

et al. 2015

J. of Entomology

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“…Previous studies indicated that high M. separatella populations occurred in late planted rice and on the ratoon [5], [6]. Reports have also been made of low stem borer infestation in rice grown under SRI [18]. However, in this study, very low infestations were found in the ratoon crop and there was no evidence that M. separatella population density was lower in the SRI system than in the conventional method of growing paddy rice.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A Study of the African White Rice Stem Borer (Maliarpha separatella Rag.) Population Density Fluctuations at Mwea Irrigation Scheme in Central Kenya

Kega¹,

Kasina²,

Olubayo³

et al. 2017

ujar

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The African white rice stem borer (Maliarpha separatella Ragonot) is a major pest of rice in Kenya. To understand and develop appropriate management packages, its population dynamics were studied at Mwea irrigation scheme in Central Kenya. This was for two wet and two dry periods. Farmer fields located in different parts of the scheme and outside the scheme were sampled every fortnight. Farms sampled represented five water provision schedules (System of Rice intensification (SRI), rain fed, flood irrigated, sporadic irrigation, and fallow period). Five planting regimes (on season, off season double cropping, ratoon, and late planting) and three management styles (controlled by National Irrigation Board (N.I.B), not controlled by N.I.B and out-growers) were studied. During each sampling, a 1mx1m quadrant was used randomly and pest counted on all the plants within the quadrant. Results showed that the number of M. separatella varied significantly (p<0.05) in the scheme. Pest densities were highest in off season planted rice (13.1). High numbers were also found in Non N.I.B controlled fields with sporadic irrigation (8.1) and the lowest in the N.I.B, fallow (2.5) and this was significant (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in pest infestations on the normal season crop (0.3) and the ratoon crop (0.6) p<0.05 and SRI and conventional irrigated fields (p<0.05). From the results it is recommended that off season planting of rice be discouraged and that efforts are made to ensure that farmers synchronize planting dates and other cultural practices for the crop, within the scheme and in rice farms outside the scheme.

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“…In addition to sucking juice from the rice plant, pentatomid and mirid bugs inject toxic substances into the plant that cause necrosis and may lead to secondary fungal attack. Insects on rain-fed rice in Ekpoma the fact that Agenegbode is within the flood plains of the river Niger, and C. zacconius is known to be prevalent in riverine areas (Umeh et al, 1992). The homopterans are generally leaf and stem suckers with C. unimaculata as the most important species in Ekpoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These new varieties have virtually replaced the local variety, but they require the application of fertilizer and other improved crop management practices for optimal yield. The abundance and distribution of these insects, however, depend on the ecological zone and rice production system (Umeh et al, 1992). Umeh et al (1991) reported that insect pests cause 30-100% crop loss on rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect pests of rain-fed upland rice and their natural enemies in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria

Igbinosa

Oigiangbe

Egbon

2007

JTI

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The insect fauna of rain-fed rice, Oryza sativa, was assessed using the sweep net and direct count methods. The objective of the study was to provide basic information on the insect pest complex of rice in the area and their natural enemies. One hundred and five insect species belonging to nine orders and 57 families were found. The insect orders in order of abundance were Diptera (45.67%), Coleoptera (12.77%), Lepidoptera (12.23%), Orthoptera (8.44%), Heteroptera (8.23%), Homoptera (7.03%), Hymenoptera (3.25%), Dermaptera (1.95%) and Dictyoptera (0.43%). Diopsis thoracica Westwood (Diopsidae) (69.43%) was the most abundant dipteran followed by the sarcophagids (14.93%) and calliphorids (7.11%). Members of the family Chrysomelidae represented 50% of the coleopterans followed by the coccinellids (17.46%). While 31% of the lepidopterans were noctuids, 60% were pyralids. The pentatomids (50.57%) were the most abundant heteropterans while the acridids (43%) were the most prevalent orthopterans. The homopterans were mainly Cofana unimaculata Signoret (which represented 79%). The insects were clustered into three groups with D. thoracica alone in group 1, C. unimaculata and Sarcophaga species in group 2 and the rest in group 3. We therefore conclude that D. thoracica is the most important pest of rice in Ekpoma while C. unimaculata may also be very important, but Sarcophaga species appears to be the most important natural enemy in the system.

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Biology, status and management of rice insect pests in Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Influence of Cropping and Irrigation Systems on Population Fluctuation of the African White Rice Stem Borer (Maliarpha separatella Rag) and Damage on Rice

Influence of Cropping and Irrigation Systems on Population Fluctuation of the African White Rice Stem Borer (Maliarpha separatella Rag) and Damage on Rice

A Study of the African White Rice Stem Borer (Maliarpha separatella Rag.) Population Density Fluctuations at Mwea Irrigation Scheme in Central Kenya

Insect pests of rain-fed upland rice and their natural enemies in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria

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