Biomarkers for Disease Severity in Children Infected With Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A Systematic Literature Review

Öner, Deniz; Drysdale, Simon B.; McPherson, C. K.; Lin, Gu-Lung; Janet, Sophie; Broad, Jonathan; Pollard, Andrew J.; Aerssens, Jeroen

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa208

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 in children with HRSV were significantly increased in severe infection compared to mild infection (p < 0.05) in children with HRSV. Children with HRSV have higher amounts of IL-8, IFN-a, IL-6, IL-3, IL-33, IL-1a, IL-2, IL-22, G-CSF, CCL-2, and CCL-3, which were associated with children's disease severity [59][60][61]. According to Sheeran et al, all children with HRSV infection had significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in their nasal wash and tracheal aspirate samples than did control children [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection

Alkubaisi

Aziz

Al-Saleh

et al. 2023

Genes

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Infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) can mediate the release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, which are usually associated with disease severity in children. In this study, the change in the expression profile of cytokines and chemokines were determined during HRSV, HBoV, and HRSV coinfection with HBoV in 75 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) samples, positive real-time reverse transcriptase PCR Assay (rRT-PCR) for HRSV (n = 36), HBoV (n = 23) infection alone or HRSV coinfection with HBoV (n = 16). The samples were collected from hospitalized children. qPCR-based detection revealed that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and G-CSF were significantly (p < 0.05) greater in patients than in controls. IL-4, IL-17, GM-CSF, and CCL-5 were significantly elevated in children with HRSV coinfection with HBoV than in other groups (p < 0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 in children with HRSV were significantly increased in severe infections compared to mild infections. Whereas, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 were significantly increased in severe infection in compared a mild infection in children with HBoV. Further large-scale investigations involving isolates are needed to enhance our knowledge of the association between viral infections and cytokine expression patterns during the different stages of HRSV and HBoV infection

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection

Alkubaisi

Aziz

Al-Saleh

et al. 2023

Genes

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“…Jefferies et al [68] designed a clinical trial that integrated omics sciences with the aim of discovering biomarkers of severe acute respiratory tract infection, in infants, due to respiratory syncytial virus and respiratory sequelae [69]. The clinical trial includes an analysis of diverse types of biological samples (nasopharyngeal, blood, buccal, stool, and urine), by genomics, host immune response, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and epigenomic.…”

Section: Metabolomics Integration With Other Omicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Biomarkers Based on Metabolomics

et al. 2022

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Current infection biomarkers are highly limited since they have low capability to predict infection in the presence of confounding processes such as in non-infectious inflammatory processes, low capability to predict disease outcomes and have limited applications to guide and evaluate therapeutic regimes. Therefore, it is critical to discover and develop new and effective clinical infection biomarkers, especially applicable in patients at risk of developing severe illness and critically ill patients. Ideal biomarkers would effectively help physicians with better patient management, leading to a decrease of severe outcomes, personalize therapies, minimize antibiotics overuse and hospitalization time, and significantly improve patient survival. Metabolomics, by providing a direct insight into the functional metabolic outcome of an organism, presents a highly appealing strategy to discover these biomarkers. The present work reviews the desired main characteristics of infection biomarkers, the main metabolomics strategies to discover these biomarkers and the next steps for developing the area towards effective clinical biomarkers.

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“…Few studies used concurrent infections such as dengue to identify and evaluate the potential of some biomarkers for severe Pv malaria [ 64 , 65 ]. Other studies showed a good prognostic value of Hp and Lpc-2 to distinguish severe pneumonia due to malaria from those of bacterial and viral origin [ 58 , 66 ], while few studies found CRP to be a good biomarker in the current coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Sm Biomarkers' Critical Evaluation Challenges and Future Res...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The spectrum of clinical biomarkers in severe malaria and new avenues for exploration

et al. 2022

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Globally, malaria is a public health concern, with severe malaria (SM) contributing a major share of the disease burden in malaria endemic countries. In this context, identification and validation of SM biomarkers are essential in clinical practice. Some biomarkers (C-reactive protein, angiopoietin 2, angiopoietin-2/1 ratio, platelet count, histidine-rich protein 2) have yielded interesting results in the prognosis of Plasmodium falciparum severe malaria, but for severe P. vivax and P. knowlesi malaria, similar evidence is missing. The validation of these biomarkers is hindered by several factors such as low sample size, paucity of evidence-evaluating studies, suboptimal values of sensitivity/specificity, poor clinical practicality of measurement methods, mixed Plasmodium infections, and good clinical value of the biomarkers for concurrent infections (pneumonia and current COVID-19 pandemic). Most of these biomarkers are non-specific to pathogens as they are related to host response and hence should be regarded as prognostic/predictive biomarkers that complement but do not replace pathogen biomarkers for clinical evaluation of SM patients. This review highlights the importance of research on diagnostic/predictive/therapeutic biomarkers, neglected malaria species, and clinical practicality of measurement methods in future studies. Finally, the importance of omics technologies for faster identification/validation of SM biomarkers is also included.

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Biomarkers for Disease Severity in Children Infected With Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A Systematic Literature Review

Cited by 16 publications

References 79 publications

Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection

Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection

Infection Biomarkers Based on Metabolomics

The spectrum of clinical biomarkers in severe malaria and new avenues for exploration

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