2022
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112700
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Biomarkers for the Detection and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antivirals

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth-most common type of cancer worldwide and chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents the main etiological factor in developed countries. HCV promotes hepatocarcinogenesis through persistent liver inflammation and dysregulation of cell signaling pathways. The introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) resulted in a significant improvement in the eradication of the virus, with an expected reduction of HCC incidence. However, the risk of HCC development can persist … Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…In HCV-related HCC, studies reported that C-type lectin receptor (CLR) plays a significant role in regulating the immune response against HCV infection, as well as in the development of chronic inflammation, which contributes to the proliferation of HCC ( Cabral et al, 2022 , Boltjes et al, 2014 ). Moreover, the production of cytokines and chemokines in response to virus infection can contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, into the liver, which promotes the development of cirrhosis in affected individuals ( Al-Qahtani et al, 2014 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In HCV-related HCC, studies reported that C-type lectin receptor (CLR) plays a significant role in regulating the immune response against HCV infection, as well as in the development of chronic inflammation, which contributes to the proliferation of HCC ( Cabral et al, 2022 , Boltjes et al, 2014 ). Moreover, the production of cytokines and chemokines in response to virus infection can contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, into the liver, which promotes the development of cirrhosis in affected individuals ( Al-Qahtani et al, 2014 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, exosomes secreted by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells inhibit HCV infection by transferring multiple mirnas, including miR-145, miR-199a and miR-221 ( Zhang et al., 2021 ). The expression patterns of miR-4718, miR-642a-5p, miR-6826–3p and miR-762 in exosomes were positively correlated with those in the liver, and the down-regulation of these miRNAs induces cell proliferation and prevents cell apoptosis in vitro ( Cabral et al., 2022 ).…”
Section: The Role Of Exosomes In Virus Infectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In recent years, with the deep understanding of the microenvironment of chronic liver inflammation, chronic liver fibrosis with multiple cell participation, inflammatory factor mediated and liver stromal cell gene mutation is one of the main etiological causes of primary liver cancer [106][107][108]. The way to effectively inhibit the infiltration and proliferation of inflammatory cells improves the fibrosis degeneration of hepatic stellate cells and regulates the relevant inflammatory pathways has become another important measure to prevent liver cancer [109,110].…”
Section: Prevention Of Liver Cancer By Inhibiting Liver Fibrosismentioning
confidence: 99%